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Bolivia, Plurinational State of
Bolivia, Plurinational State of
HistorySaid - pattern
Bolivia, Plurinational State of matched the Export Boom Cycle pattern in 2012. 11 pattern matches detected historically. View →
Economy & Growth
GDP $57.1B
GDP per Capita $4,585
GDP Growth 0.60%
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture Value Added | 9.31% | 8.83% | 8.92% | 8.92% Trend | 8.91% Trend | 8.90% Trend |
| GDP | $52.3B | $54.9B | $57.1B | $57.1B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | - | - |
| GDP Deflator | 0.19% | 6.05% | 5.64% | 5.64% Trend | 6.82% Trend | 8.00% Trend |
| GDP Growth | 2.52% | -1.12% | 0.60% | 0.60% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | - | - |
| GDP PPP | $157.9B | $159.9B | $142.4B | $142.4B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | - | - |
| GDP per Capita | $4,275 | $4,421 | $4,585 | $4,585 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | - | - |
| GDP per Capita PPP | $12,892 | $12,878 | $11,439 | $11,439 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | - | - |
| GNI | $51.1B | $53.8B | $57.1B | $57.1B Trend | $59.9B Trend | $62.6B Trend |
| GNI per Capita | $4,230 | $4,160 | $4,434 | $4,434 Trend | $4,566 Trend | $4,698 Trend |
| Gross Savings | 14.05% | 13.85% | 9.86% | 9.86% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | - | - |
| Industry Value Added | 29.77% | 31.26% | 32.30% | 32.30% Trend | 32.99% Trend | 33.68% Trend |
| Services Value Added | 53.80% | 53.36% | 52.59% | 52.59% Trend | 52.23% Trend | 51.87% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Prices & Inflation
Inflation Rate 20.82%
Consumer Price Index 166.77
PPP Conversion Factor 2.24
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Consumer Price Index | 157.40 | 165.43 | 166.77 | 166.77 Trend | 170.57 Trend | 174.38 Trend |
| Inflation Rate | 2.58% | 5.10% | 20.82% | 20.82% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | - | - |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 2.29 | 2.37 | 2.24 | 2.24 Trend | 2.18 Trend | 2.12 Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Population
Population 12.5M
Population Growth 1.42%
Population Density 11.5
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birth Rate | 21.2 | - | 20.8 | 20.8 Trend | 20.5 Trend | - | - |
| Death Rate | 7.2 | - | 7.4 | 7.4 Trend | 7.0 Trend | - | - |
| Dependency Ratio | 55.50 | 54.87 | 54.02 | 54.02 Trend | 53.26 Trend | 52.50 Trend | - |
| Fertility Rate | 2.55 | - | 2.48 | 2.48 Trend | 2.44 Trend | - | - |
| Life Expectancy | 68.6 | - | 68.1 | 68.1 Trend | 68.7 Trend | - | - |
| Net Migration | -3,008 | -3,000 | -3,179 | - | -2,479 Trend | -2,181 Trend | -1,884 Trend |
| Population | 12.2M | 12.4M | 12.5M | 12.5M Trend | 12.7M Trend | 12.8M Trend | - |
| Population Density | 11.3 | - | 11.5 | 11.5 Trend | 11.7 Trend | - | - |
| Population Growth | 1.37% | 1.37% | 1.42% | 1.42% Trend | 1.48% Trend | 1.55% Trend | - |
| Refugee Population | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Urban Population | 70.92% | 71.24% | 71.52% | 71.52% Trend | 71.82% Trend | 72.11% Trend | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Employment
Unemployment Rate 2.97%
Youth Unemployment 5.01%
Labor Force Participation 78.63%
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture Employment | 25.08% | 24.92% | 24.71% | - | 23.71% Trend | 23.13% Trend | 22.56% Trend |
| Female Labor Participation | 72.46% | 72.39% | 72.87% | - | 73.39% Trend | 73.82% Trend | 74.24% Trend |
| Industry Employment | 20.11% | 19.95% | 19.79% | - | 19.61% Trend | 19.43% Trend | 19.24% Trend |
| Labor Force Participation | 78.38% | 78.33% | 78.63% | - | 78.80% Trend | 78.97% Trend | 79.15% Trend |
| Services Employment | 54.81% | 55.12% | 55.49% | - | 56.68% Trend | 57.44% Trend | 58.20% Trend |
| Unemployment Rate | 3.02% | 3.27% | 2.97% | 5.05% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | - | - | - |
| Youth Unemployment | 4.97% | 5.17% | 5.01% | - | 3.71% Trend | 2.98% Trend | 2.26% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Government
Tax Revenue 16.96%
Government Spending 21.81%
Military Spending 1.25%
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Budget Deficit | -10.95% | -10.62% | -13.12% | -13.12% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | - | - |
| Government Debt to GDP | 90.78% | 97.95% | 93.71% | 93.71% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | - | - |
| Government Revenue | 27.75% | 29.22% | 25.07% | 25.07% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | - | - |
| Government Spending | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Health Spending | 6.92% | - | 7.11% | 7.11% Trend | 7.03% Trend | - |
| Military Spending | 1.30% | 1.37% | 1.25% | 1.25% Trend | 1.25% Trend | 1.24% Trend |
| Tax Revenue | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Debt
External Debt $16.1B
External Debt to GNI 30.97%
Short-term Debt 4.49%
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debt Service | 14.21% | 17.79% | 16.96% | 16.96% Trend | 17.43% Trend | 17.89% Trend |
| Domestic Credit | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| External Debt | $16.3B | $15.7B | $16.1B | $16.1B Trend | $16.2B Trend | $16.3B Trend |
| External Debt to GNI | 37.18% | 32.54% | 30.97% | 30.97% Trend | 28.61% Trend | 26.25% Trend |
| Interest Payments to Revenue | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Short-term Debt | 4.86% | 4.04% | 4.49% | 4.49% Trend | 4.56% Trend | 4.63% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Money
Lending Rate 8.35%
Deposit Rate 3.12%
Real Interest Rate 5.54%
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit to GDP | 60.22% | 59.24% | 56.05% | 56.05% Trend | 53.76% Trend | 51.46% Trend |
| Deposit Rate | 3.18% | - | 3.12% | 3.12% Trend | 3.09% Trend | - |
| Lending Rate | 8.64% | - | 8.35% | 8.35% Trend | 8.41% Trend | - |
| M2 Money Supply Growth | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Non-Performing Loans | - | - | 2.00% | 2.00% Trend | - | - |
| Real Interest Rate | 8.44% | - | 5.54% | 5.54% Trend | 5.13% Trend | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Currency
Exchange Rate 6.91
Real Effective Exchange Rate 156.58
Foreign Reserves $660.1M
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exchange Rate | 6.91 | 6.91 | 6.91 | 6.91 Trend | 6.91 Trend | 6.91 Trend |
| Foreign Reserves | $1.8B | $2.0B | $660.1M | $660.1M Trend | $-287.0M Trend | $-1.2B Trend |
| Real Effective Exchange Rate | 148.81 | 156.58 | - | 151.08 Trend | 150.23 Trend | 149.38 Trend |
| Reserves in Months of Imports | 1.5 | 1.8 | -0.6 | -0.6 Trend | -2.0 Trend | -3.5 Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Trade
Exports $12.8B
Imports $14.1B
Trade Balance $-2.6B
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current Account Balance | -2.19% | -2.56% | -3.35% | -3.35% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | - | - |
| Exports | $11.9B | $10.1B | $12.8B | $12.8B Trend | $13.4B Trend | $13.9B Trend |
| FDI Inflows | 0.46% | 0.71% | 1.74% | 1.74% Trend | 2.34% Trend | 2.94% Trend |
| FDI Outflows | 0.49% | 0.24% | 0.49% | 0.49% Trend | 0.62% Trend | 0.76% Trend |
| Imports | $13.0B | $11.5B | $14.1B | $14.1B Trend | $15.1B Trend | $16.1B Trend |
| Remittances Received | $1.4B | $1.3B | $1.5B | $1.5B Trend | $1.5B Trend | $1.5B Trend |
| Tourism Receipts | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Trade Balance | $-2.5B | $-2.3B | $-2.6B | $-2.6B Trend | $-2.9B Trend | $-3.3B Trend |
| Trade Openness | 49.61% | 46.98% | 54.12% | 54.12% Trend | 56.20% Trend | 58.29% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Financial Markets
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interest Rate Spread | 4.56% | 5.46% | 5.23% | 5.23% Trend | 5.33% Trend |
| Listed Companies | - | - | - | - | - |
| Market Capitalization | - | - | - | - | - |
| Stock Turnover Ratio | - | - | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Political Stability
Political Stability 0.04
Government Effectiveness -0.51
Regulatory Quality -1.33
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -0.89 | -0.84 | -0.91 | -0.91 Trend | -0.93 Trend |
| Government Effectiveness | -0.56 | -0.64 | -0.51 | -0.51 Trend | -0.47 Trend |
| Political Stability | -0.19 | -0.31 | 0.04 | 0.04 Trend | 0.15 Trend |
| Regulatory Quality | -1.21 | -1.18 | -1.33 | -1.33 Trend | -1.38 Trend |
| Rule of Law | -1.30 | -1.22 | -1.28 | -1.28 Trend | -1.29 Trend |
| Voice and Accountability | -0.20 | -0.27 | -0.32 | -0.32 Trend | -0.36 Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Health
Health Expenditure per Capita $272
Infant Mortality Rate 18.5
Maternal Mortality Ratio 161.20
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Health Expenditure per Capita | $261 | $255 | $272 | $272 Trend | $276 Trend |
| Hospital Beds | 1.39 | 1.49 | 1.56 | 1.56 Trend | 1.60 Trend |
| Infant Mortality Rate | 20.7 | 20.0 | 18.5 | 18.5 Trend | 17.7 Trend |
| Maternal Mortality Ratio | 164.00 | 146.00 | 161.20 | 161.20 Trend | 153.80 Trend |
| Physicians | - | - | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Education
Literacy Rate 95.28%
Education Spending 7.91%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education Spending | 7.58% | 8.32% | 7.91% | 7.91% Trend | 7.87% Trend |
| Literacy Rate | - | 95.55% | 95.28% | 95.28% Trend | 95.46% Trend |
| Primary Completion Rate | 96.54% | 96.20% | 97.87% | 97.87% Trend | 98.72% Trend |
| Primary Enrollment | 99.20% | 98.57% | 99.53% | 99.53% Trend | 99.81% Trend |
| Secondary Enrollment | 90.37% | 91.37% | 92.61% | 92.61% Trend | 93.27% Trend |
| Tertiary Enrollment | - | - | - | - | - |
| Youth Literacy Rate | - | 99.52% | 99.48% | 99.48% Trend | 99.47% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Energy
Renewable Energy 12.80%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO2 Emissions | - | - | - | - | - |
| CO2 per Capita | - | - | - | - | - |
| Electricity Access | 99.90% | 99.80% | 102.96% | 102.96% Trend | 104.17% Trend |
| Energy Use per Capita | 798 | - | 739 | 739 Trend | - |
| Forest Area | 46.54% | 46.35% | 45.96% | 45.96% Trend | 45.77% Trend |
| Renewable Energy | - | - | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Technology
Internet Users 83.38%
Mobile Subscriptions 102.82
R&D Spending 0.16%
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High-tech Exports | 8.17% | 8.79% | 10.04% | 10.04% Trend | 11.29% Trend | 12.55% Trend |
| Internet Users | 70.24% | - | 83.38% | 83.38% Trend | 88.67% Trend | - |
| Mobile Subscriptions | - | - | 102.82 | 102.82 Trend | - | - |
| Patent Applications | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| R&D Spending | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Inequality
Gini Index 41.3
Poverty Rate 2.70%
Income Share Top 10% 30.60%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gini Index | 41.2 | 42.1 | 41.3 | 41.3 Trend | 41.2 Trend |
| Income Share Bottom 10% | 1.70% | 1.80% | 1.86% | 1.86% Trend | 1.90% Trend |
| Income Share Top 10% | 30.40% | 31.30% | 30.60% | 30.60% Trend | 30.48% Trend |
| Poverty Rate | 3.30% | 2.80% | 2.70% | 2.70% Trend | 2.55% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Data & analysis
Real GDP growth (%)
| 2023 | 3.08 |
| 2024 | 1.30 |
| 2025 | 1.14 |
| 2026 | 0.90 |
| 2027 | 0.00 |
| 2028 | 0.00 |
| 2029 | 0.00 |
| 2030 | 0.00 |
CPI inflation (%)
| 2023 | 2.58 |
| 2024 | 5.10 |
| 2025 | 15.08 |
| 2026 | 15.84 |
| 2027 | 0.00 |
| 2028 | 0.00 |
| 2029 | 0.00 |
| 2030 | 0.00 |
Unemployment rate (%)
| 2023 | 4.90 |
| 2024 | 5.00 |
| 2025 | 5.05 |
| 2026 | 5.10 |
| 2027 | 0.00 |
| 2028 | 0.00 |
| 2029 | 0.00 |
| 2030 | 0.00 |
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook via DBnomics
Bolivia’s macroeconomic trajectory from 2023 to 2026 reveals a sharp deceleration and mounting instability. Real GDP growth fell from 3.08 percent in 2023 to a projected 0.90 percent by 2026, while CPI inflation is forecast to surge from 2.58 percent to 15.84 percent over the same period, signaling a transition from moderate expansion toward stagflation. The unemployment rate edges upward only slightly, from 4.90 to 5.10 percent, suggesting that labor market deterioration lags behind the broader slowdown. Historically, Bolivia recorded a #2 global ranking for Budget Deficit in 1982, a reminder of past fiscal vulnerabilities that may be resurfacing. The current data pattern points to a stabilization failure, where growth erodes as inflation accelerates, likely driven by currency pressures and fiscal imbalances. A forward-looking shift would require credible monetary tightening and fiscal consolidation to restore confidence and curb the inflation trajectory.