European Union vs Italy
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In 2025, European Union's r&d spending was 2.32% compared to 1.39% in Italy. European Union was higher by 0.93%.
European Union vs Italy — R&D Spending
| Year | European Union | Italy |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 2.32% | 1.39% |
| 2022 | 2.24% | 1.39% |
| 2021 | 2.26% | 1.43% |
| 2020 | 2.30% | 1.51% |
| 2019 | 2.22% | 1.46% |
| 2018 | 2.19% | 1.42% |
| 2017 | 2.15% | 1.37% |
| 2016 | 2.12% | 1.37% |
| 2015 | 2.12% | 1.34% |
| 2014 | 2.12% | 1.34% |
| 2013 | 2.10% | 1.30% |
| 2012 | 2.08% | 1.26% |
| 2011 | 2.02% | 1.20% |
| 2010 | 1.97% | 1.22% |
| 2009 | 1.97% | 1.22% |
| 2008 | 1.88% | 1.16% |
| 2007 | 1.80% | 1.13% |
| 2006 | 1.80% | 1.08% |
| 2005 | 1.78% | 1.04% |
| 2004 | 1.80% | 1.05% |