Italy vs European Union
vs
In 2025, Italy's r&d spending was 1.39% compared to 2.32% in European Union. European Union was higher by 0.93%.
Italy vs European Union — R&D Spending
| Year | Italy | European Union |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 1.39% | 2.32% |
| 2022 | 1.39% | 2.24% |
| 2021 | 1.43% | 2.26% |
| 2020 | 1.51% | 2.30% |
| 2019 | 1.46% | 2.22% |
| 2018 | 1.42% | 2.19% |
| 2017 | 1.37% | 2.15% |
| 2016 | 1.37% | 2.12% |
| 2015 | 1.34% | 2.12% |
| 2014 | 1.34% | 2.12% |
| 2013 | 1.30% | 2.10% |
| 2012 | 1.26% | 2.08% |
| 2011 | 1.20% | 2.02% |
| 2010 | 1.22% | 1.97% |
| 2009 | 1.22% | 1.97% |
| 2008 | 1.16% | 1.88% |
| 2007 | 1.13% | 1.80% |
| 2006 | 1.08% | 1.80% |
| 2005 | 1.04% | 1.78% |
| 2004 | 1.05% | 1.80% |