Pakistan vs Benin
vs
Pakistan vs Benin — R&D Spending
| Year | Pakistan | Benin |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 0.14% | - |
| 2023 | 0.16% | - |
| 2021 | 0.16% | - |
| 2019 | 0.17% | - |
| 2017 | 0.21% | - |
| 2015 | 0.22% | - |
| 2013 | 0.26% | - |
| 2011 | 0.30% | - |
| 2009 | 0.40% | - |
| 2007 | 0.52% | - |
| 2005 | 0.33% | - |
| 2002 | 0.16% | - |
| 2001 | 0.12% | - |
| 2000 | 0.10% | - |
| 1999 | 0.12% | - |
| 1998 | 0.11% | - |
| 1997 | 0.16% | - |