Peru vs Turkmenistan
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In 2025, Peru's r&d spending was 0.18% compared to 0.17% in Turkmenistan. Peru was higher by 0.01%.
Peru vs Turkmenistan — R&D Spending
| Year | Peru | Turkmenistan |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 0.18% | 0.17% |
| 2022 | 0.16% | 0.14% |
| 2021 | 0.14% | 0.10% |
| 2020 | 0.17% | 0.13% |
| 2019 | 0.16% | 0.11% |
| 2018 | 0.13% | 0.08% |
| 2017 | 0.12% | 0.09% |
| 2016 | 0.12% | 0.16% |
| 2015 | 0.12% | 0.11% |
| 2014 | 0.11% | - |
| 2013 | 0.08% | - |
| 2012 | 0.06% | - |
| 2011 | 0.08% | - |
| 2004 | 0.16% | - |
| 2003 | 0.11% | - |
| 2002 | 0.11% | - |
| 2001 | 0.11% | - |
| 2000 | 0.11% | - |
| 1999 | 0.10% | - |
| 1998 | 0.10% | - |