Türkiye vs Italy
vs
In 2025, Türkiye's r&d spending was 1.43% compared to 1.39% in Italy. Türkiye was higher by 0.04%.
Türkiye vs Italy — R&D Spending
| Year | Türkiye | Italy |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 1.43% | 1.39% |
| 2022 | 1.32% | 1.39% |
| 2021 | 1.40% | 1.43% |
| 2020 | 1.37% | 1.51% |
| 2019 | 1.32% | 1.46% |
| 2018 | 1.27% | 1.42% |
| 2017 | 1.18% | 1.37% |
| 2016 | 1.12% | 1.37% |
| 2015 | 0.97% | 1.34% |
| 2014 | 0.86% | 1.34% |
| 2013 | 0.81% | 1.30% |
| 2012 | 0.83% | 1.26% |
| 2011 | 0.79% | 1.20% |
| 2010 | 0.79% | 1.22% |
| 2009 | 0.80% | 1.22% |
| 2008 | 0.69% | 1.16% |
| 2007 | 0.69% | 1.13% |
| 2006 | 0.55% | 1.08% |
| 2005 | 0.56% | 1.04% |
| 2004 | 0.50% | 1.05% |