Mongolia R&D Spending
Research and development expenditure as % of GDP GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS
Mongolia's r&d spending was 0.09% in 2025, ranked 75th globally. This represents a 5.1% increase from 2024. Data from World Bank, covering 1997–2025.
Overview
Mongolia's r&d spending stood at 0.09% in 2025, a rise of +0.00% from 2022. Based on recent trends, this figure is projected to reach 0.09% by 2025. Mongolia ranked 75th globally.
Mongolia’s research and development spending has fluctuated significantly over the past 27 years, starting at 0.17% of GDP in 1997 and reaching an all-time peak of 0.34% in 2008, a level that reflected modest progress in science and innovation investment during the country’s economic expansion in the late 2000s. By 2025, R&D expenditure had declined to 0.09% of GDP, matching Kuwait’s share and placing Mongolia 75th globally, a position that underscores persistent underinvestment in innovation. The trough of 0.08% in 2022 highlights recent challenges, possibly linked to fiscal constraints and shifting policy priorities amid economic volatility. While Mongolia slightly outspends peers such as the Kyrgyz Republic (0.05%) and Trinidad and Tobago (0.03%), it lags behind Sri Lanka’s 0.10%, indicating limited regional leadership in research capacity. The downward trend since 2008 suggests structural barriers, including weak private sector engagement and limited institutional support for technological development. A reversal in this trajectory will likely require stronger policy commitment, increased public-private partnerships, and sustained funding to rebuild R&D capacity in the coming decade.
Data & projection
| Year | R&D Spending | YoY change | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2025* trend | 0.09% | - | - |
| 2025 | 0.09% | +0.00% | #75 |
| 2022 | 0.08% | −0.02% | #72 |
| 2021 | 0.10% | −0.03% | #80 |
| 2020 | 0.13% | +0.04% | #79 |
| 2019 | 0.09% | −0.01% | #90 |
| 2018 | 0.10% | −0.03% | #83 |
| 2017 | 0.13% | −0.05% | #82 |
| 2016 | 0.18% | +0.03% | #74 |
| 2015 | 0.16% | −0.07% | #85 |
| 2014 | 0.22% | −0.01% | #68 |
| 2013 | 0.23% | −0.01% | #74 |
| 2012 | 0.24% | +0.01% | #65 |
| 2011 | 0.23% | −0.01% | #68 |
| 2010 | 0.24% | −0.06% | #71 |
| 2009 | 0.30% | −0.03% | #64 |
Detected Pattern
Analysis
Mongolia matched the Export Boom Cycle pattern in 2023. Historically, 71% of countries showing this pattern (546 out of 768) saw r&d spending improve within 24 months. View full analysis →
Frequently Asked Questions
Mongolia's r&d spending was 0.09% in 2025. Ranked 75th globally. This represents a 5.1% increase from the previous year.
Mongolia's r&d spending peaked at 0.34% in 2008.
The lowest r&d spending in Mongolia was 0.08% in 2022.
Mongolia ranks 75th globally in r&d spending as of 2025.
The World Bank indicator code is GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS. Data sourced from World Bank.
Mongolia's r&d spending is projected to reach 0.09% by 2025 based on trend extrapolation.
The r&d spending of Mongolia in 2025 was 0.09%. This ranks 75th in the world.
Cite this page
@misc{historysaid_mongolia_rd-spending,
title = {Mongolia R&D Spending},
url = {https://historysaid.com/mongolia/rd-spending/},
publisher = {HistorySaid},
year = {2026}
}