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HistorySaid – inflation
Inflation in European Union fell from 6.3% (2023) to 2.4% (2024) – a 3.9pp shift. View →
Economy & Growth
GDP $19.50T
GDP per Capita $43,305
GDP Growth 1.06%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture Value Added | 1.68% | 1.63% | 1.61% | 1.65% Trend | 1.66% Trend | 1.67% Trend |
| GDP | $17.02T | $18.66T | $19.50T | $20.38T Trend | $21.30T Trend | $22.21T Trend |
| GDP Deflator | 6.62% | 6.91% | 3.39% | 6.41% Trend | 7.10% Trend | 7.79% Trend |
| GDP Growth | 3.56% | 0.45% | 1.06% | – | – | – |
| GDP PPP | $26.15T | $27.55T | $28.63T | $31.09T Trend | $33.00T Trend | $34.91T Trend |
| GDP per Capita | $38,067 | $41,567 | $43,305 | $45,242 Trend | $47,200 Trend | $49,158 Trend |
| GDP per Capita PPP | $58,484 | $61,368 | $63,585 | $69,026 Trend | $73,169 Trend | $77,313 Trend |
| GNI | $17.02T | $18.65T | $19.47T | $20.34T Trend | $21.24T Trend | $22.14T Trend |
| GNI per Capita | $40,626 | $40,918 | $41,062 | $43,708 Trend | $45,221 Trend | $46,734 Trend |
| Gross Savings | 24.75% | 24.98% | 24.71% | – | – | – |
| Industry Value Added | 22.87% | 23.25% | 22.27% | 22.98% Trend | 23.14% Trend | 23.29% Trend |
| Services Value Added | 65.24% | 65.50% | 66.05% | 65.78% Trend | 65.85% Trend | 65.91% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Prices & Inflation
Inflation Rate 2.44%
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| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Consumer Price Index | – | – | – |
| Inflation Rate | 8.83% | 6.30% | 2.44% |
| PPP Conversion Factor | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Population
Population 450.2M
Population Growth 0.30%
Population Density 111.9
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| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birth Rate | 8.2 | – | – | 7.8 Trend | 7.5 Trend | – | – |
| Death Rate | 10.8 | – | – | 11.5 Trend | 11.6 Trend | – | – |
| Dependency Ratio | 56.90 | 57.38 | – | 57.80 Trend | 58.24 Trend | 58.67 Trend | – |
| Fertility Rate | 1.39 | – | – | 1.35 Trend | 1.31 Trend | – | – |
| Life Expectancy | 81.4 | – | – | 81.0 Trend | 81.1 Trend | – | – |
| Net Migration | 1.3M | 194,612 | -317,019 | – | -725,658 Trend | -1.4M Trend | -2.1M Trend |
| Population | 448.9M | 450.2M | – | 450.7M Trend | 451.6M Trend | 452.6M Trend | – |
| Population Density | – | – | – | 111.9 Trend | – | – | – |
| Population Growth | 0.38% | 0.30% | – | 0.49% Trend | 0.60% Trend | 0.71% Trend | – |
| Refugee Population | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Urban Population | 74.89% | 75.03% | – | 75.14% Trend | 75.26% Trend | 75.38% Trend | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Employment
Unemployment Rate 5.93%
Youth Unemployment 16.20%
Labor Force Participation 57.27%
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture Employment | 3.66% | 3.33% | 3.23% | 3.05% Trend | 2.87% Trend | 2.70% Trend |
| Female Labor Participation | 51.97% | 51.87% | 51.61% | 52.07% Trend | 52.22% Trend | 52.38% Trend |
| Industry Employment | 24.26% | 24.18% | 23.91% | 23.71% Trend | 23.49% Trend | 23.28% Trend |
| Labor Force Participation | 57.72% | 57.58% | 57.27% | 57.61% Trend | 57.69% Trend | 57.76% Trend |
| Services Employment | 72.08% | 72.49% | 72.86% | 73.24% Trend | 73.63% Trend | 74.02% Trend |
| Unemployment Rate | 6.03% | 5.92% | 5.93% | – | – | – |
| Youth Unemployment | 16.23% | 16.24% | 16.20% | 15.20% Trend | 14.68% Trend | 14.16% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Government
Tax Revenue 19.57%
Government Spending 39.34%
Military Spending 1.90%
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| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Budget Deficit | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Education Spending | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Government Debt to GDP | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Government Revenue | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Government Spending | 39.34% | – | – | 44.19% Trend | – | – |
| Health Spending | 10.30% | 10.00% | 10.54% | 10.09% Trend | 9.96% Trend | 9.83% Trend |
| Military Spending | 1.52% | 1.64% | 1.90% | 1.88% Trend | 1.97% Trend | 2.06% Trend |
| Tax Revenue | 19.85% | 19.57% | – | 19.61% Trend | 19.57% Trend | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Debt
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debt Service | – | – | – | – | – |
| Domestic Credit | – | – | – | – | – |
| External Debt | – | – | – | – | – |
| External Debt to GNI | – | – | – | – | – |
| Interest Payments to Revenue | 2.92% | 2.96% | 2.73% | 2.36% Trend | 2.18% Trend |
| Short-term Debt | – | – | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Money
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit to GDP | 83.91% | 78.47% | 75.58% | 70.59% Trend | 66.19% Trend | 61.79% Trend |
| Deposit Rate | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Lending Rate | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| M2 Money Supply Growth | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Non-Performing Loans | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Real Interest Rate | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Currency
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exchange Rate | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Foreign Reserves | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Real Effective Exchange Rate | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Reserves in Months of Imports | 3.0 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 2.8 Trend | 2.5 Trend | 2.2 Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Trade
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current Account Balance | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Exports | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| FDI Inflows | 1.40% | -1.37% | 1.53% | -0.03% Trend | -0.49% Trend | -0.94% Trend |
| FDI Outflows | 3.26% | -1.31% | 2.26% | 0.78% Trend | 0.27% Trend | -0.23% Trend |
| Imports | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Remittances Received | $136.0B | $152.3B | $158.2B | $165.6B Trend | $173.4B Trend | $181.3B Trend |
| Tourism Receipts | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Trade Balance | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Trade Openness | 103.71% | 95.22% | 91.65% | 99.02% Trend | 100.99% Trend | 102.96% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Financial Markets
Market Capitalization 50.02%
Stock Turnover Ratio 39.64%
Listed Companies 5,880
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interest Rate Spread | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Listed Companies | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Market Capitalization | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Stock Turnover Ratio | 58.79% | 41.63% | 39.64% | 31.41% Trend | 24.42% Trend | 17.42% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Political Stability
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Health
Health Expenditure per Capita $5,005
Infant Mortality Rate 3.2
Maternal Mortality Ratio 5.00
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Health Expenditure per Capita | $3,923 | $4,154 | $5,005 | $4,942 Trend | $5,184 Trend | $5,426 Trend |
| Hospital Beds | 5.14 | – | – | 4.99 Trend | – | – |
| Infant Mortality Rate | 3.2 | 3.2 | – | 3.1 Trend | 3.1 Trend | – |
| Maternal Mortality Ratio | 7.00 | 5.00 | – | 5.80 Trend | 5.60 Trend | – |
| Physicians | 4.15 | – | – | 4.13 Trend | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Education
Tertiary Enrollment 79.50%
Education Spending 4.66%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education Spending | 4.66% | – | – | 4.87% Trend | – | – |
| Literacy Rate | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Primary Enrollment | 101.43% | 102.44% | 102.44% | 102.98% Trend | 103.40% Trend | 103.82% Trend |
| Tertiary Enrollment | 79.63% | 79.50% | 79.50% | 81.49% Trend | 82.55% Trend | 83.61% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Energy
Renewable Energy 21.06%
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| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO2 Emissions | – | – | – | – | – |
| CO2 per Capita | – | – | – | – | – |
| Electricity Access | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.01% Trend | 100.01% Trend |
| Energy Use per Capita | 3,110 | 2,923 | 2,780 | 2,679 Trend | 2,604 Trend |
| Forest Area | 39.88% | 39.93% | – | 40.06% Trend | – |
| Renewable Energy | – | – | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Technology
Mobile Subscriptions 123.69
R&D Spending 2.24%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High-tech Exports | 19.24% | 19.29% | 20.48% | 21.73% Trend | 22.86% Trend | 24.00% Trend |
| Internet Users | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Mobile Subscriptions | 123.69 | – | – | 124.90 Trend | – | – |
| Patent Applications | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| R&D Spending | 2.24% | – | – | 2.32% Trend | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Inequality
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