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Hungary
Hungary
HistorySaid – pattern
Hungary matched the Orthodox Tightening Cycle pattern in 2023. 15 pattern matches detected historically. View →
HistorySaid – ranking
Hungary ranks 136th globally by GDP ($222.7B in 2024). View →
HistorySaid – inflation
Inflation in Hungary fell from 17.1% (2023) to 3.7% (2024) – a 13.4pp shift. View →
HistorySaid – population
Hungary has a population of 9.6 million as of 2024 (growth: -0.31%). View →
Economy & Growth
GDP $222.7B
GDP per Capita $23,292
GDP Growth 0.56%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture Value Added | 3.14% | 2.92% | 2.71% | 2.57% Trend | 2.38% Trend | 2.20% Trend | – | – | – |
| GDP | $177.0B | $213.2B | $222.7B | $247.8B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $269.9B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $284.1B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $298.6B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $314.3B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $331.1B IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP Deflator | 13.97% | 15.11% | 7.57% | 13.22% Trend | 14.34% Trend | 15.46% Trend | – | – | – |
| GDP Growth | 4.15% | -0.82% | 0.56% | 0.60% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.10% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.25% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.36% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.50% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.55% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP PPP | $426.1B | $446.9B | $464.3B | $460.4B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $478.5B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $497.5B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $517.5B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $539.7B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $563.8B IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP per Capita | $18,428 | $22,231 | $23,292 | $25,916 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $28,304 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $29,867 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $31,466 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $33,204 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $35,066 IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP per Capita PPP | $44,366 | $46,592 | $48,552 | $48,157 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $50,176 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $52,294 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $54,532 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $57,015 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $59,710 IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GNI | $172.2B | $206.9B | $218.3B | $232.7B Trend | $248.3B Trend | $263.8B Trend | – | – | – |
| GNI per Capita | $19,200 | $19,840 | $20,770 | $22,037 Trend | $23,102 Trend | $24,167 Trend | – | – | – |
| Gross Savings | 25.37% | 26.09% | 25.10% | 22.94% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 21.85% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 22.08% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 22.25% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 22.33% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 22.49% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Industry Value Added | 24.23% | 25.34% | 23.69% | 24.34% Trend | 24.35% Trend | 24.36% Trend | – | – | – |
| Services Value Added | 57.62% | 58.28% | 59.52% | 59.83% Trend | 60.46% Trend | 61.10% Trend | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Prices & Inflation
Inflation Rate 3.70%
Consumer Price Index 183.91
PPP Conversion Factor 175.58
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Consumer Price Index | 151.41 | 177.34 | 183.91 | 202.59 Trend | 218.76 Trend | 234.93 Trend | – | – | – |
| Inflation Rate | 14.61% | 17.12% | 3.70% | 4.46% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 3.47% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 3.03% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 3.00% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 3.00% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 3.00% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 155.23 | 169.09 | 175.58 | 184.48 Trend | 193.30 Trend | 202.12 Trend | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Population
Population 9.6M
Population Growth -0.31%
Population Density 105.1
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birth Rate | 9.1 | – | – | 8.9 Trend | 8.8 Trend | – | – |
| Death Rate | 13.4 | – | – | 14.2 Trend | 14.2 Trend | – | – |
| Dependency Ratio | 54.57 | 54.79 | – | 55.37 Trend | 55.81 Trend | 56.24 Trend | – |
| Fertility Rate | 1.51 | – | – | 1.52 Trend | 1.51 Trend | – | – |
| Life Expectancy | 76.8 | – | – | 76.2 Trend | 76.4 Trend | – | – |
| Net Migration | 49,213 | 16,223 | -16,331 | – | -7,447 Trend | -17,352 Trend | -27,257 Trend |
| Population | 9.6M | 9.6M | – | 9.5M Trend | 9.5M Trend | 9.5M Trend | – |
| Population Density | 105.1 | – | – | 104.4 Trend | 104.1 Trend | – | – |
| Population Growth | -0.13% | -0.31% | – | -0.23% Trend | -0.22% Trend | -0.20% Trend | – |
| Refugee Population | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Urban Population | 70.29% | 70.49% | – | 70.43% Trend | 70.48% Trend | 70.53% Trend | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Employment
Unemployment Rate 4.52%
Youth Unemployment 14.21%
Labor Force Participation 60.58%
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture Employment | 4.43% | 4.24% | 4.11% | – | 4.11% Trend | 4.05% Trend | 3.98% Trend | – | – |
| Female Labor Participation | 54.00% | 54.40% | 54.31% | – | 55.26% Trend | 55.81% Trend | 56.37% Trend | – | – |
| Industry Employment | 31.03% | 30.81% | 30.53% | – | 30.36% Trend | 30.14% Trend | 29.92% Trend | – | – |
| Labor Force Participation | 60.61% | 60.66% | 60.58% | – | 61.28% Trend | 61.66% Trend | 62.03% Trend | – | – |
| Services Employment | 64.54% | 64.94% | 65.35% | – | 65.53% Trend | 65.81% Trend | 66.09% Trend | – | – |
| Unemployment Rate | 4.10% | 4.50% | 4.52% | 4.30% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 4.20% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 3.97% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 3.90% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 3.80% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 3.80% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment | 12.78% | 15.09% | 14.21% | – | 14.99% Trend | 15.58% Trend | 16.16% Trend | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Government
Tax Revenue 23.43%
Government Spending 42.42%
Military Spending 2.16%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Budget Deficit | -6.17% | -6.75% | -4.92% | -4.69% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -4.57% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -4.59% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -4.52% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -4.36% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -4.33% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Education Spending | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Government Debt to GDP | 73.86% | 72.97% | 73.45% | 74.76% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 75.46% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 76.31% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 77.35% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 78.19% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 78.83% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Government Revenue | 42.54% | 42.41% | 41.96% | 42.80% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 42.80% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 42.84% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 43.03% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 43.40% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 43.41% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Government Spending | 42.42% | – | – | 45.75% Trend | – | – | – | – | – |
| Health Spending | 6.65% | 6.37% | – | 6.63% Trend | 6.60% Trend | – | – | – | – |
| Military Spending | 1.83% | 2.05% | 2.16% | 2.29% Trend | 2.44% Trend | 2.60% Trend | – | – | – |
| Tax Revenue | 23.43% | – | – | 22.96% Trend | – | – | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Debt
▾
| Indicator | 2020 | 2021 | 2022 | 2025 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debt Service | – | – | – | – |
| Domestic Credit | – | – | – | – |
| External Debt | – | – | – | – |
| External Debt to GNI | – | – | – | – |
| Interest Payments to Revenue | 5.93% | 6.06% | 7.14% | 7.47% Trend |
| Short-term Debt | – | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Money
Lending Rate 9.13%
Deposit Rate 6.18%
Real Interest Rate 1.45%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit to GDP | 36.04% | 32.87% | 32.44% | 30.70% Trend | 29.11% Trend | 27.52% Trend |
| Deposit Rate | 8.36% | 13.12% | 6.18% | 12.89% Trend | 15.24% Trend | 17.59% Trend |
| Lending Rate | 10.66% | 15.30% | 9.13% | 16.00% Trend | 18.67% Trend | 21.34% Trend |
| M2 Money Supply Growth | 8.46% | 3.62% | 9.37% | 0.71% Trend | -3.12% Trend | -6.95% Trend |
| Non-Performing Loans | 3.79% | 3.27% | – | 4.56% Trend | 4.89% Trend | – |
| Real Interest Rate | -2.91% | 0.17% | 1.45% | 2.64% Trend | 4.09% Trend | 5.54% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Currency
Exchange Rate 365.69
Real Effective Exchange Rate 115.03
Foreign Reserves $46.4B
▾
| Indicator | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exchange Rate | 365.69 | – | – | 390.10 Trend | 406.64 Trend | 423.17 Trend | – | – |
| Foreign Reserves | $46.4B | – | – | $47.4B Trend | $48.6B Trend | $49.8B Trend | – | – |
| Real Effective Exchange Rate | 93.21 | 110.56 | 115.03 | – | – | 123.52 Trend | 131.62 Trend | 139.71 Trend |
| Reserves in Months of Imports | 2.9 | – | – | 2.4 Trend | 2.2 Trend | 2.1 Trend | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Trade
Exports $168.0B
Imports $158.4B
Trade Balance $9.5B
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current Account Balance | -8.87% | 0.00% | 1.58% | 1.24% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 0.93% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.18% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.38% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.47% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.66% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Exports | $159.0B | $173.3B | $168.0B | $188.6B Trend | $200.1B Trend | $211.7B Trend | – | – | – |
| FDI Inflows | -1.08% | -33.19% | -27.92% | -83.23% Trend | -115.09% Trend | -146.95% Trend | – | – | – |
| FDI Outflows | -3.35% | -33.95% | -35.02% | -88.79% Trend | -121.56% Trend | -154.33% Trend | – | – | – |
| Imports | $168.4B | $164.5B | $158.4B | $179.5B Trend | $188.7B Trend | $197.9B Trend | – | – | – |
| Remittances Received | $4.0B | $5.1B | $5.5B | $5.8B Trend | $6.3B Trend | $6.7B Trend | – | – | – |
| Tourism Receipts | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Trade Balance | $-9.7B | $8.7B | $9.5B | $9.1B Trend | $11.4B Trend | $13.7B Trend | – | – | – |
| Trade Openness | 185.00% | 158.39% | 146.50% | 155.67% Trend | 153.98% Trend | 152.30% Trend | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Financial Markets
Market Capitalization 18.65%
Stock Turnover Ratio 17.75%
Listed Companies 68
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interest Rate Spread | 2.29% | 2.18% | 2.95% | 3.12% Trend | 3.43% Trend | 3.75% Trend |
| Listed Companies | 62 | 66 | 68 | 77 Trend | 83 Trend | 89 Trend |
| Market Capitalization | 13.48% | 18.22% | 18.65% | 17.95% Trend | 18.25% Trend | 18.55% Trend |
| Stock Turnover Ratio | 39.43% | 17.78% | 17.75% | 12.08% Trend | 6.58% Trend | 1.09% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Political Stability
Political Stability 0.73
Government Effectiveness 0.37
Regulatory Quality 0.32
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | 0.01 | -0.10 | 0.00 | -0.09 Trend | -0.12 Trend |
| Government Effectiveness | 0.60 | 0.53 | 0.37 | 0.43 Trend | 0.42 Trend |
| Political Stability | 0.80 | 0.68 | 0.73 | 0.67 Trend | 0.65 Trend |
| Regulatory Quality | 0.49 | 0.41 | 0.32 | 0.21 Trend | 0.15 Trend |
| Rule of Law | 0.51 | 0.42 | 0.43 | 0.38 Trend | 0.36 Trend |
| Voice and Accountability | 0.40 | 0.43 | 0.36 | 0.41 Trend | 0.42 Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Health
Health Expenditure per Capita $1,420
Infant Mortality Rate 3.2
Maternal Mortality Ratio 12.00
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Health Expenditure per Capita | $1,393 | $1,228 | $1,420 | $1,561 Trend | $1,638 Trend |
| Hospital Beds | 6.79 | 6.63 | – | 6.43 Trend | – |
| Infant Mortality Rate | 3.3 | 3.2 | 3.2 | 3.0 Trend | 2.9 Trend |
| Maternal Mortality Ratio | 30.00 | 14.00 | 12.00 | 15.00 Trend | 14.40 Trend |
| Physicians | 3.30 | 3.46 | – | 3.33 Trend | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Education
Literacy Rate 98.86%
Tertiary Enrollment 56.59%
Education Spending 3.81%
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education Spending | 4.68% | 3.81% | – | 3.72% Trend | – |
| Literacy Rate | – | – | – | – | – |
| Primary Enrollment | 101.46% | 103.48% | 103.57% | 108.54% Trend | 110.56% Trend |
| Tertiary Enrollment | 56.53% | 58.07% | 56.59% | 60.40% Trend | 61.60% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Energy
Renewable Energy 15.30%
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO2 Emissions | – | – | – | – | – |
| CO2 per Capita | – | – | – | – | – |
| Electricity Access | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% Trend | 100.00% Trend |
| Energy Use per Capita | 2,851 | 2,673 | 2,515 | 2,497 Trend | 2,446 Trend |
| Forest Area | 22.48% | 22.46% | 22.45% | 22.42% Trend | 22.40% Trend |
| Renewable Energy | 15.30% | – | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Technology
Internet Users 93.78%
Mobile Subscriptions 105.05
R&D Spending 1.39%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High-tech Exports | 18.40% | 18.11% | 20.10% | 20.19% Trend | 20.89% Trend | 21.59% Trend |
| Internet Users | 89.14% | 91.45% | 93.78% | 95.80% Trend | 97.89% Trend | 99.97% Trend |
| Mobile Subscriptions | 105.79 | 105.05 | – | 105.28 Trend | 105.24 Trend | – |
| Patent Applications | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| R&D Spending | 1.39% | – | – | 1.49% Trend | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Inequality
Gini Index 30.6
Poverty Rate 0.90%
Income Share Top 10% 23.90%
▾
| Indicator | 2015 | 2016 | 2017 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gini Index | 30.4 | 30.3 | 30.6 |
| Income Share Bottom 10% | 3.00% | 3.10% | 3.00% |
| Income Share Top 10% | 23.80% | 23.80% | 23.90% |
| Poverty Rate | 1.00% | 1.60% | 0.90% |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.