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Korea
Korea
HistorySaid – pattern
Korea matched the Export Boom Cycle pattern in 2006. 10 pattern matches detected historically. View →
HistorySaid – ranking
Korea ranks 179th globally by GDP ($1.88T in 2024). View →
HistorySaid – inflation
Inflation in Korea fell from 3.6% (2023) to 2.3% (2024) – a 1.3pp shift. View →
HistorySaid – population
Korea has a population of 51.8 million as of 2024 (growth: 0.07%). View →
Economy & Growth
GDP $1.88T
GDP per Capita $36,239
GDP Growth 2.00%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture Value Added | 1.45% | 1.45% | 1.46% | 1.38% Trend | 1.34% Trend | 1.29% Trend | – | – | – |
| GDP | $1.80T | $1.84T | $1.88T | $1.86T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $1.94T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $2.02T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $2.10T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $2.18T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $2.27T IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP Deflator | 1.81% | 2.04% | 4.07% | 3.68% Trend | 4.06% Trend | 4.44% Trend | – | – | – |
| GDP Growth | 2.73% | 1.58% | 2.00% | 0.90% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.83% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.15% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.19% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.97% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.94% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP PPP | $2.87T | $2.97T | $3.16T | $3.36T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $3.49T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $3.62T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $3.76T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $3.90T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $4.05T IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP per Capita | $34,822 | $35,674 | $36,239 | $35,962 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $37,523 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $39,142 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $40,802 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $42,522 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $44,262 IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP per Capita PPP | $55,509 | $57,430 | $61,051 | $65,080 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $67,554 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $70,274 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $73,079 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $75,939 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $78,971 IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GNI | $1.82T | $1.87T | $1.90T | $1.92T Trend | $1.94T Trend | $1.96T Trend | – | – | – |
| GNI per Capita | $38,590 | $38,020 | $36,750 | $38,383 Trend | $38,790 Trend | $39,197 Trend | – | – | – |
| Gross Savings | 34.38% | 33.48% | 35.26% | 34.39% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 33.59% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 33.79% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 33.89% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 34.02% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 34.03% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Industry Value Added | 32.51% | 32.52% | 33.90% | 33.23% Trend | 33.27% Trend | 33.32% Trend | – | – | – |
| Services Value Added | 58.07% | 58.88% | 57.50% | 58.60% Trend | 58.91% Trend | 59.23% Trend | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Prices & Inflation
Inflation Rate 2.32%
Consumer Price Index 132.20
PPP Conversion Factor 809.27
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Consumer Price Index | 124.71 | 129.20 | 132.20 | 137.12 Trend | 141.45 Trend | 145.79 Trend | – | – | – |
| Inflation Rate | 5.09% | 3.60% | 2.32% | 1.99% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.85% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.97% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.00% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.00% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.00% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 810.16 | 811.05 | 809.27 | 800.24 Trend | 794.34 Trend | 788.44 Trend | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Population
Population 51.8M
Population Growth 0.07%
Population Density 529.8
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birth Rate | 4.5 | – | – | 3.9 Trend | 3.5 Trend | – | – |
| Death Rate | 6.0 | – | – | 7.0 Trend | 7.2 Trend | – | – |
| Dependency Ratio | 41.45 | 42.53 | – | 43.40 Trend | 44.32 Trend | 45.24 Trend | – |
| Fertility Rate | 0.72 | – | – | 0.63 Trend | 0.59 Trend | – | – |
| Life Expectancy | 83.4 | – | – | 83.1 Trend | 83.1 Trend | – | – |
| Net Migration | 87,800 | 75,963 | 65,731 | – | 106,058 Trend | 121,376 Trend | 136,694 Trend |
| Population | 51.7M | 51.8M | – | 51.7M Trend | 51.7M Trend | 51.6M Trend | – |
| Population Density | 529.8 | – | – | 529.1 Trend | 528.9 Trend | – | – |
| Population Growth | 0.08% | 0.07% | – | 0.02% Trend | 0.03% Trend | 0.03% Trend | – |
| Refugee Population | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Urban Population | 81.16% | 81.17% | – | 81.16% Trend | 81.16% Trend | 81.16% Trend | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Employment
Unemployment Rate 2.68%
Youth Unemployment 6.70%
Labor Force Participation 64.35%
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture Employment | 5.32% | 5.20% | 5.10% | – | 5.06% Trend | 4.99% Trend | 4.92% Trend | – | – |
| Female Labor Participation | 56.04% | 56.83% | 56.78% | – | 58.08% Trend | 58.89% Trend | 59.70% Trend | – | – |
| Industry Employment | 23.99% | 23.66% | 23.38% | – | 23.05% Trend | 22.72% Trend | 22.40% Trend | – | – |
| Labor Force Participation | 64.27% | 64.47% | 64.35% | – | 65.17% Trend | 65.59% Trend | 66.02% Trend | – | – |
| Services Employment | 70.68% | 71.14% | 71.51% | – | 71.89% Trend | 72.29% Trend | 72.68% Trend | – | – |
| Unemployment Rate | 2.68% | 2.78% | 2.68% | 3.00% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 3.00% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.90% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.80% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.80% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.80% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment | 5.41% | 6.43% | 6.70% | – | 5.77% Trend | 5.48% Trend | 5.18% Trend | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Government
Tax Revenue 14.60%
Government Spending 28.32%
Military Spending 2.56%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Budget Deficit | -1.49% | -0.67% | -0.78% | -1.52% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -1.36% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -1.41% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -1.35% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -1.18% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -1.04% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Education Spending | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Government Debt to GDP | 49.80% | 50.54% | 49.82% | 53.37% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 56.66% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 58.89% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 60.94% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 62.73% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 64.29% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Government Revenue | 25.19% | 22.41% | 21.75% | 22.59% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 23.22% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 23.31% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 23.30% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 23.54% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 23.54% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Government Spending | 31.30% | 28.32% | – | 31.64% Trend | 32.44% Trend | – | – | – | – |
| Health Spending | 8.86% | 8.57% | 8.68% | 8.95% Trend | 9.10% Trend | 9.25% Trend | – | – | – |
| Military Spending | 2.58% | 2.60% | 2.56% | 2.55% Trend | 2.53% Trend | 2.51% Trend | – | – | – |
| Tax Revenue | 17.16% | 14.60% | – | 16.62% Trend | 16.99% Trend | – | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Debt
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debt Service | – | – | – | – | – |
| Domestic Credit | – | – | – | – | – |
| External Debt | – | – | – | – | – |
| External Debt to GNI | – | – | – | – | – |
| Interest Payments to Revenue | 3.33% | 3.60% | 4.51% | 4.36% Trend | 4.50% Trend |
| Short-term Debt | – | – | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Money
Lending Rate 4.73%
Deposit Rate 3.48%
Real Interest Rate 0.63%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit to GDP | 162.77% | 163.52% | 160.35% | 164.70% Trend | 166.18% Trend | 167.66% Trend |
| Deposit Rate | 3.12% | 3.84% | 3.48% | 4.75% Trend | 5.48% Trend | 6.21% Trend |
| Lending Rate | 4.29% | 5.19% | 4.73% | 5.83% Trend | 6.44% Trend | 7.06% Trend |
| M2 Money Supply Growth | 4.00% | 3.89% | 6.55% | 2.76% Trend | 1.21% Trend | -0.35% Trend |
| Non-Performing Loans | 0.24% | – | – | 0.22% Trend | – | – |
| Real Interest Rate | 2.44% | 3.09% | 0.63% | 2.09% Trend | 2.32% Trend | 2.54% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Currency
Exchange Rate 1,363.38
Real Effective Exchange Rate 84.72
Foreign Reserves $418.2B
▾
| Indicator | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exchange Rate | 1,363.38 | – | – | 1,415.32 Trend | 1,468.11 Trend | 1,520.90 Trend | – | – |
| Foreign Reserves | $418.2B | – | – | $406.0B Trend | $396.7B Trend | $387.4B Trend | – | – |
| Real Effective Exchange Rate | 92.51 | 86.92 | 84.72 | – | – | 81.68 Trend | 78.53 Trend | 75.38 Trend |
| Reserves in Months of Imports | 6.2 | – | – | 4.8 Trend | 4.1 Trend | 3.3 Trend | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Trade
Exports $835.1B
Imports $758.7B
Trade Balance $76.4B
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current Account Balance | 1.44% | 1.78% | 5.28% | 4.80% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 3.92% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 4.13% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 4.30% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 4.50% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 4.72% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Exports | $826.0B | $769.2B | $835.1B | $898.0B Trend | $943.5B Trend | $989.0B Trend | – | – | – |
| FDI Inflows | 1.39% | 1.03% | 0.81% | 1.13% Trend | 1.18% Trend | 1.23% Trend | – | – | – |
| FDI Outflows | 3.66% | 1.74% | 2.59% | 2.54% Trend | 2.49% Trend | 2.44% Trend | – | – | – |
| Imports | $817.6B | $758.4B | $758.7B | $863.2B Trend | $912.5B Trend | $961.9B Trend | – | – | – |
| Remittances Received | $7.8B | $7.0B | $7.4B | $7.3B Trend | $7.2B Trend | $7.2B Trend | – | – | – |
| Tourism Receipts | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Trade Balance | $82.3M | $7.1B | $76.4B | $32.4B Trend | $29.0B Trend | $25.6B Trend | – | – | – |
| Trade Openness | 90.59% | 82.26% | 84.64% | 93.21% Trend | 97.73% Trend | 102.24% Trend | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Financial Markets
Market Capitalization 83.05%
Stock Turnover Ratio 200.76%
Listed Companies 2,599
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interest Rate Spread | 1.17% | 1.35% | 1.25% | 1.08% Trend | 0.96% Trend | 0.85% Trend |
| Listed Companies | 2,446 | 2,536 | 2,599 | 2,671 Trend | 2,742 Trend | 2,814 Trend |
| Market Capitalization | 91.39% | 106.68% | 83.05% | 76.72% Trend | 67.62% Trend | 58.52% Trend |
| Stock Turnover Ratio | 185.42% | 172.35% | 200.76% | 163.22% Trend | 147.66% Trend | 132.10% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Political Stability
Political Stability 0.61
Government Effectiveness 1.40
Regulatory Quality 1.12
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | 0.73 | 0.75 | 0.89 | 0.93 Trend | 0.97 Trend |
| Government Effectiveness | 1.37 | 1.35 | 1.40 | 1.41 Trend | 1.43 Trend |
| Political Stability | 0.63 | 0.58 | 0.61 | 0.63 Trend | 0.64 Trend |
| Regulatory Quality | 1.09 | 1.15 | 1.12 | 1.19 Trend | 1.21 Trend |
| Rule of Law | 1.10 | 1.16 | 1.25 | 1.24 Trend | 1.26 Trend |
| Voice and Accountability | 0.93 | 0.88 | 0.86 | 0.96 Trend | 0.98 Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Health
Health Expenditure per Capita $3,137
Infant Mortality Rate 2.3
Maternal Mortality Ratio 4.00
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Health Expenditure per Capita | $3,079 | $3,044 | $3,137 | $3,255 Trend | $3,334 Trend | $3,413 Trend |
| Hospital Beds | 12.81 | – | – | 13.15 Trend | – | – |
| Infant Mortality Rate | 2.4 | 2.3 | – | 2.2 Trend | 2.1 Trend | – |
| Maternal Mortality Ratio | 7.00 | 4.00 | – | 3.80 Trend | 3.10 Trend | – |
| Physicians | 2.61 | – | – | 2.75 Trend | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Education
Literacy Rate 97.97%
Tertiary Enrollment 106.71%
Education Spending 5.81%
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education Spending | 4.87% | 5.81% | – | 6.37% Trend | – |
| Literacy Rate | – | – | – | – | – |
| Primary Enrollment | 98.61% | 99.01% | 100.30% | 99.80% Trend | 99.91% Trend |
| Tertiary Enrollment | 100.36% | 102.81% | 106.71% | 112.69% Trend | 115.83% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Energy
Renewable Energy 3.60%
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO2 Emissions | – | – | – | – | – |
| CO2 per Capita | – | – | – | – | – |
| Electricity Access | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% Trend | 100.00% Trend |
| Energy Use per Capita | 5,514 | 5,412 | 5,337 | 5,447 Trend | 5,469 Trend |
| Forest Area | 64.31% | 64.21% | 64.11% | 63.90% Trend | 63.80% Trend |
| Renewable Energy | 3.60% | – | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Technology
Internet Users 97.90%
Mobile Subscriptions 162.11
R&D Spending 5.21%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High-tech Exports | 36.12% | 30.28% | 36.26% | 33.53% Trend | 33.08% Trend | 32.64% Trend |
| Internet Users | 97.17% | 97.42% | 97.90% | 98.10% Trend | 98.36% Trend | 98.62% Trend |
| Mobile Subscriptions | 148.68 | 162.11 | – | 172.39 Trend | 179.46 Trend | – |
| Patent Applications | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| R&D Spending | 5.21% | – | – | 5.65% Trend | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Inequality
Gini Index 32.9
Poverty Rate 0.20%
Income Share Top 10% 24.60%
▾
| Indicator | 2019 | 2020 | 2021 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gini Index | 33.2 | 32.7 | 32.9 |
| Income Share Bottom 10% | 2.90% | 3.10% | 2.90% |
| Income Share Top 10% | 24.70% | 24.80% | 24.60% |
| Poverty Rate | 0.20% | 0.00% | 0.20% |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.