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Poland
Poland
HistorySaid – pattern
Poland matched the Export Boom Cycle pattern in 2024. 4 pattern matches detected historically. View →
HistorySaid – ranking
Poland ranks 170th globally by GDP ($917.8B in 2024). View →
HistorySaid – inflation
Inflation in Poland fell from 11.5% (2023) to 3.8% (2024) – a 7.7pp shift. View →
HistorySaid – population
Poland has a population of 36.6 million as of 2024 (growth: -0.35%). View →
Economy & Growth
GDP $917.8B
GDP per Capita $25,104
GDP Growth 3.03%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture Value Added | 2.81% | 2.77% | 2.54% | 2.72% Trend | 2.77% Trend | 2.82% Trend | – | – | – |
| GDP | $695.6B | $812.5B | $917.8B | $1.04T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $1.11T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $1.17T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $1.24T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $1.31T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $1.39T IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP Deflator | 10.69% | 9.87% | 3.83% | 7.90% Trend | 8.28% Trend | 8.65% Trend | – | – | – |
| GDP Growth | 5.26% | 0.25% | 3.03% | 3.24% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 3.14% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.86% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.80% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.67% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.56% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP PPP | $1.72T | $1.78T | $1.87T | $2.02T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $2.12T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $2.22T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $2.32T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $2.42T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $2.53T IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP per Capita | $18,891 | $22,145 | $25,104 | $28,485 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $30,651 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $32,492 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $34,477 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $36,489 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $38,591 IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP per Capita PPP | $46,778 | $48,473 | $51,263 | $55,340 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $58,559 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $61,367 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $64,240 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $67,242 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $70,395 IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GNI | $668.3B | $779.4B | $887.0B | $933.7B Trend | $1.01T Trend | $1.08T Trend | – | – | – |
| GNI per Capita | $19,110 | $19,890 | $21,590 | $23,036 Trend | $24,468 Trend | $25,900 Trend | – | – | – |
| Gross Savings | 19.39% | 19.07% | 18.12% | 17.35% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 17.90% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 17.63% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 17.49% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 17.21% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 16.98% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Industry Value Added | 29.18% | 29.39% | 27.25% | 28.05% Trend | 27.88% Trend | 27.71% Trend | – | – | – |
| Services Value Added | 57.22% | 58.20% | 59.15% | 59.38% Trend | 59.96% Trend | 60.55% Trend | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Prices & Inflation
Inflation Rate 3.78%
Consumer Price Index 164.14
PPP Conversion Factor 1.95
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Consumer Price Index | 141.81 | 158.16 | 164.14 | 179.17 Trend | 191.83 Trend | 204.49 Trend | – | – | – |
| Inflation Rate | 14.43% | 11.53% | 3.78% | 3.80% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.78% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.72% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.60% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.50% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.50% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 1.80 | 1.92 | 1.95 | 2.03 Trend | 2.09 Trend | 2.16 Trend | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Population
Population 36.6M
Population Growth -0.35%
Population Density 119.8
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birth Rate | 7.4 | – | – | 6.3 Trend | 5.7 Trend | – | – |
| Death Rate | 11.1 | – | – | 12.2 Trend | 12.2 Trend | – | – |
| Dependency Ratio | 53.04 | 53.73 | – | 54.60 Trend | 55.40 Trend | 56.19 Trend | – |
| Fertility Rate | 1.16 | – | – | 1.06 Trend | 0.99 Trend | – | – |
| Life Expectancy | 78.5 | – | – | 77.8 Trend | 78.0 Trend | – | – |
| Net Migration | -7,824 | -238,062 | -330,820 | – | -482,927 Trend | -670,121 Trend | -857,316 Trend |
| Population | 36.7M | 36.6M | – | 36.3M Trend | 36.0M Trend | 35.8M Trend | – |
| Population Density | 119.8 | – | – | 117.2 Trend | 116.1 Trend | – | – |
| Population Growth | -0.37% | -0.35% | – | 0.07% Trend | 0.35% Trend | 0.62% Trend | – |
| Refugee Population | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Urban Population | 59.89% | 59.97% | – | 59.96% Trend | 59.98% Trend | 60.01% Trend | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Employment
Unemployment Rate 2.98%
Youth Unemployment 10.70%
Labor Force Participation 58.31%
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture Employment | 8.49% | 6.50% | 6.22% | – | 5.39% Trend | 4.58% Trend | 3.76% Trend | – | – |
| Female Labor Participation | 52.21% | 51.91% | 51.61% | – | 52.14% Trend | 52.30% Trend | 52.46% Trend | – | – |
| Industry Employment | 29.54% | 30.20% | 30.03% | – | 29.69% Trend | 29.51% Trend | 29.34% Trend | – | – |
| Labor Force Participation | 59.23% | 58.66% | 58.31% | – | 58.45% Trend | 58.34% Trend | 58.24% Trend | – | – |
| Services Employment | 61.98% | 63.30% | 63.75% | – | 64.92% Trend | 65.91% Trend | 66.90% Trend | – | – |
| Unemployment Rate | 2.74% | 2.81% | 2.98% | 2.88% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 3.13% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 3.18% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 3.18% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 3.18% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 3.18% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment | 11.18% | 10.66% | 10.70% | – | 10.34% Trend | 10.13% Trend | 9.92% Trend | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Government
Tax Revenue 18.00%
Government Spending 39.10%
Military Spending 4.15%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Budget Deficit | -3.44% | -5.27% | -6.59% | -6.99% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -6.70% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -6.37% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -5.84% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -5.51% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -5.02% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Education Spending | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Government Debt to GDP | 48.79% | 49.52% | 55.27% | 60.02% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 65.80% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 69.13% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 71.79% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 74.08% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 75.93% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Government Revenue | 39.81% | 41.59% | 42.83% | 43.04% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 43.90% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 42.77% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 42.96% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 43.10% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 43.21% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Government Spending | 36.06% | 39.10% | – | 39.74% Trend | 40.34% Trend | – | – | – | – |
| Health Spending | 6.47% | 7.14% | 8.06% | 8.11% Trend | 8.51% Trend | 8.92% Trend | – | – | – |
| Military Spending | 2.20% | 3.27% | 4.15% | 4.27% Trend | 4.76% Trend | 5.24% Trend | – | – | – |
| Tax Revenue | 17.12% | 18.00% | – | 18.32% Trend | 18.48% Trend | – | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Debt
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debt Service | – | – | – | – | – |
| Domestic Credit | – | – | – | – | – |
| External Debt | – | – | – | – | – |
| External Debt to GNI | – | – | – | – | – |
| Interest Payments to Revenue | 2.92% | 4.05% | 5.22% | 5.31% Trend | 5.67% Trend |
| Short-term Debt | – | – | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Money
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit to GDP | 39.32% | 34.71% | 33.59% | 27.81% Trend | 23.57% Trend | 19.33% Trend |
| Deposit Rate | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Lending Rate | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| M2 Money Supply Growth | 5.25% | 8.54% | 9.24% | 5.25% Trend | 3.77% Trend | 2.30% Trend |
| Non-Performing Loans | 2.43% | 2.33% | – | 1.33% Trend | 0.90% Trend | – |
| Real Interest Rate | – | – | – | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Currency
Exchange Rate 3.98
Real Effective Exchange Rate 128.80
Foreign Reserves $223.1B
▾
| Indicator | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exchange Rate | 3.98 | – | – | 4.23 Trend | 4.28 Trend | 4.33 Trend | – | – |
| Foreign Reserves | $223.1B | – | – | $230.4B Trend | $247.0B Trend | $263.5B Trend | – | – |
| Real Effective Exchange Rate | 113.01 | 126.47 | 128.80 | – | – | 140.75 Trend | 149.84 Trend | 158.93 Trend |
| Reserves in Months of Imports | 5.4 | – | – | 4.8 Trend | 4.7 Trend | 4.6 Trend | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Trade
Exports $478.8B
Imports $442.1B
Trade Balance $36.7B
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current Account Balance | -2.27% | 1.54% | 0.30% | -0.69% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -0.80% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -0.95% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -1.06% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -1.35% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -1.60% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Exports | $436.4B | $471.6B | $478.8B | $539.3B Trend | $579.1B Trend | $619.0B Trend | – | – | – |
| FDI Inflows | 6.01% | 4.39% | 2.25% | 3.32% Trend | 3.00% Trend | 2.68% Trend | – | – | – |
| FDI Outflows | 1.81% | 1.51% | 1.09% | 1.51% Trend | 1.57% Trend | 1.62% Trend | – | – | – |
| Imports | $421.8B | $423.8B | $442.1B | $499.0B Trend | $535.8B Trend | $572.6B Trend | – | – | – |
| Remittances Received | $7.6B | $8.5B | $8.7B | $9.0B Trend | $9.3B Trend | $9.6B Trend | – | – | – |
| Tourism Receipts | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Trade Balance | $11.7B | $46.6B | $36.7B | $39.2B Trend | $42.2B Trend | $45.2B Trend | – | – | – |
| Trade Openness | 123.02% | 110.02% | 100.36% | 109.11% Trend | 109.25% Trend | 109.38% Trend | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Financial Markets
Market Capitalization 21.50%
Stock Turnover Ratio 41.10%
Listed Companies 749
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interest Rate Spread | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Listed Companies | 773 | 752 | 749 | 738 Trend | 728 Trend | 718 Trend |
| Market Capitalization | 21.23% | 26.05% | 21.50% | 19.89% Trend | 18.07% Trend | 16.26% Trend |
| Stock Turnover Ratio | 44.44% | 33.00% | 41.10% | 35.49% Trend | 33.63% Trend | 31.78% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Political Stability
Political Stability 0.56
Government Effectiveness 0.42
Regulatory Quality 0.78
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | 0.55 | 0.51 | 0.57 | 0.49 Trend | 0.47 Trend |
| Government Effectiveness | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.42 | 0.26 Trend | 0.23 Trend |
| Political Stability | 0.49 | 0.51 | 0.56 | 0.53 Trend | 0.54 Trend |
| Regulatory Quality | 0.83 | 0.72 | 0.78 | 0.60 Trend | 0.54 Trend |
| Rule of Law | 0.43 | 0.43 | 0.46 | 0.46 Trend | 0.46 Trend |
| Voice and Accountability | 0.58 | 0.60 | 0.63 | 0.58 Trend | 0.57 Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Health
Health Expenditure per Capita $2,014
Infant Mortality Rate 3.7
Maternal Mortality Ratio 2.00
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Health Expenditure per Capita | $1,219 | $1,578 | $2,014 | $2,115 Trend | $2,353 Trend | $2,590 Trend |
| Hospital Beds | 6.04 | – | – | 5.80 Trend | – | – |
| Infant Mortality Rate | 3.7 | 3.7 | – | 3.6 Trend | 3.6 Trend | – |
| Maternal Mortality Ratio | 2.00 | 2.00 | – | 1.80 Trend | 1.70 Trend | – |
| Physicians | 3.42 | 4.03 | – | 4.14 Trend | 4.30 Trend | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Education
Literacy Rate 98.74%
Tertiary Enrollment 76.88%
Education Spending 4.31%
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education Spending | 4.62% | 4.31% | – | 4.33% Trend | – |
| Literacy Rate | – | – | – | – | – |
| Primary Enrollment | 96.60% | 100.59% | 105.40% | 111.66% Trend | 115.59% Trend |
| Tertiary Enrollment | 72.21% | 75.29% | 76.88% | 79.76% Trend | 81.38% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Energy
Renewable Energy 15.20%
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO2 Emissions | – | – | – | – | – |
| CO2 per Capita | – | – | – | – | – |
| Electricity Access | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% Trend | 100.00% Trend |
| Energy Use per Capita | 2,920 | 2,798 | 2,639 | 2,703 Trend | 2,688 Trend |
| Forest Area | 31.02% | 31.06% | 31.08% | 31.16% Trend | 31.20% Trend |
| Renewable Energy | 15.20% | – | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Technology
Internet Users 88.59%
Mobile Subscriptions 135.15
R&D Spending 1.45%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High-tech Exports | 11.63% | 12.12% | 13.51% | 14.30% Trend | 15.30% Trend | 16.30% Trend |
| Internet Users | 86.94% | 86.41% | 88.59% | 89.65% Trend | 90.84% Trend | 92.02% Trend |
| Mobile Subscriptions | 137.00 | 135.15 | – | 142.13 Trend | 144.61 Trend | – |
| Patent Applications | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| R&D Spending | 1.45% | – | – | 1.66% Trend | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Inequality
Gini Index 28.5
Poverty Rate 0.20%
Income Share Top 10% 22.90%
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gini Index | 28.5 | 28.9 | 28.5 | 28.6 Trend | 28.5 Trend |
| Income Share Bottom 10% | 3.40% | 3.30% | 3.30% | 3.24% Trend | 3.21% Trend |
| Income Share Top 10% | 22.80% | 23.10% | 22.90% | 22.90% Trend | 22.89% Trend |
| Poverty Rate | 0.10% | 0.30% | 0.20% | 0.30% Trend | 0.33% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.