Syrian Arab Republic R&D Spending

Syrian Arab Republic’s gross domestic expenditure on research and development (R&D) rose from 0.02 % of GDP in 2015, the all‑time trough, to 0.07 % in 2022, its all‑time peak and the most recent figure recorded by the World Bank. This modest increase places Syria at 74th globally, marginally below peers such as Kyrgyz Republic, which posted 0.07 % in the same year, and slightly lower than Kuwait’s 0.08 % and Mongolia’s 0.08 %. The two‑year coverage indicates that the upward movement has occurred within a relatively short window, suggesting limited but measurable policy emphasis on innovation despite ongoing economic challenges. Although the absolute level remains far beneath the regional average for middle‑income economies, the upward trajectory could be reinforced by greater private‑sector participation, improved higher‑education research capacity, and sustained fiscal support, which would be essential to shift the current modest growth into a more robust, long‑term rise.