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Thailand
Thailand
HistorySaid – pattern
Thailand matched the Export Boom Cycle pattern in 2017. 9 pattern matches detected historically. View →
HistorySaid – ranking
Thailand ranks 161st globally by GDP ($526.5B in 2024). View →
HistorySaid – inflation
Inflation in Thailand fell from 8.5% (2023) to 1.4% (2024) – a 7.1pp shift. View →
HistorySaid – population
Thailand has a population of 71.7 million as of 2024 (growth: -0.05%). View →
Economy & Growth
GDP $526.5B
GDP per Capita $7,347
GDP Growth 2.54%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture Value Added | 8.72% | 8.56% | 8.71% | 8.64% Trend | 8.63% Trend | 8.62% Trend | – | – | – |
| GDP | $495.6B | $515.9B | $526.5B | $558.6B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $561.5B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $580.6B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $603.0B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $627.7B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $654.1B IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP Deflator | 4.66% | 1.27% | 0.93% | 2.66% Trend | 3.05% Trend | 3.45% Trend | – | – | – |
| GDP Growth | 2.58% | 2.02% | 2.54% | 2.00% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.60% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.19% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.31% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.45% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.49% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP PPP | $1.60T | $1.69T | $1.77T | $1.85T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $1.92T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $1.99T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $2.07T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $2.16T IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $2.25T IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP per Capita | $6,909 | $7,195 | $7,347 | $7,942 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $7,979 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $8,248 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $8,566 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $8,917 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $9,291 IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP per Capita PPP | $22,243 | $23,519 | $24,712 | $26,359 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $27,245 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $28,300 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $29,422 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $30,670 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $32,022 IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GNI | $479.9B | $503.0B | $510.4B | $511.2B Trend | $516.9B Trend | $522.5B Trend | – | – | – |
| GNI per Capita | $7,210 | $7,190 | $7,100 | $7,248 Trend | $7,298 Trend | $7,348 Trend | – | – | – |
| Gross Savings | 26.31% | 25.32% | 23.78% | 19.37% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 20.68% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 22.19% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 22.87% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 23.26% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 23.46% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Industry Value Added | 35.12% | 32.98% | 32.14% | 32.40% Trend | 31.97% Trend | 31.53% Trend | – | – | – |
| Services Value Added | 56.16% | 58.46% | 59.15% | 58.95% Trend | 59.40% Trend | 59.85% Trend | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Prices & Inflation
Inflation Rate 1.37%
Consumer Price Index 123.00
PPP Conversion Factor 10.49
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Consumer Price Index | 111.86 | 121.34 | 123.00 | 125.15 Trend | 128.05 Trend | 130.96 Trend | – | – | – |
| Inflation Rate | -1.61% | 8.48% | 1.37% | 0.15% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 0.71% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.15% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.60% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.70% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.75% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 10.89 | 10.65 | 10.49 | 10.22 Trend | 9.98 Trend | 9.75 Trend | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Population
Population 71.7M
Population Growth -0.05%
Population Density 140.3
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birth Rate | 8.2 | – | – | 7.8 Trend | 7.6 Trend | – | – |
| Death Rate | 8.9 | – | – | 10.0 Trend | 10.5 Trend | – | – |
| Dependency Ratio | 42.47 | 43.09 | – | 43.55 Trend | 44.08 Trend | 44.61 Trend | – |
| Fertility Rate | 1.21 | – | – | 1.17 Trend | 1.15 Trend | – | – |
| Life Expectancy | 76.4 | – | – | 75.3 Trend | 75.0 Trend | – | – |
| Net Migration | 19,648 | 23,321 | 27,509 | – | 36,266 Trend | 42,350 Trend | 48,435 Trend |
| Population | 71.7M | 71.7M | – | 71.7M Trend | 71.7M Trend | 71.7M Trend | – |
| Population Density | 140.3 | – | – | 140.6 Trend | 140.7 Trend | – | – |
| Population Growth | -0.05% | -0.05% | – | -0.14% Trend | -0.20% Trend | -0.26% Trend | – |
| Refugee Population | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Urban Population | 60.93% | 61.87% | – | 63.17% Trend | 64.33% Trend | 65.50% Trend | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Employment
Unemployment Rate 0.78%
Youth Unemployment 4.53%
Labor Force Participation 66.68%
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture Employment | 30.22% | 28.99% | 28.56% | – | 27.58% Trend | 26.77% Trend | 25.96% Trend | – | – |
| Female Labor Participation | 60.31% | 59.47% | 58.96% | – | 59.34% Trend | 59.29% Trend | 59.23% Trend | – | – |
| Industry Employment | 21.92% | 22.25% | 22.24% | – | 22.17% Trend | 22.16% Trend | 22.16% Trend | – | – |
| Labor Force Participation | 67.81% | 67.13% | 66.68% | – | 66.97% Trend | 66.91% Trend | 66.85% Trend | – | – |
| Services Employment | 47.86% | 48.76% | 49.21% | – | 50.25% Trend | 51.07% Trend | 51.88% Trend | – | – |
| Unemployment Rate | 0.73% | 0.78% | 0.78% | 1.00% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.00% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.00% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.00% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.00% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.00% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment | 4.49% | 4.66% | 4.53% | – | 3.99% Trend | 3.67% Trend | 3.35% Trend | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Government
Tax Revenue 15.26%
Government Spending 20.77%
Military Spending 1.08%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Budget Deficit | -4.61% | -1.98% | -1.29% | -2.60% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -2.47% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -2.45% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -2.40% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -2.39% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -2.40% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Education Spending | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Government Debt to GDP | 60.55% | 62.32% | 63.20% | 64.94% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 66.66% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 67.73% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 68.31% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 68.66% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 68.89% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Government Revenue | 20.05% | 20.86% | 21.42% | 20.92% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 20.94% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 20.99% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 21.01% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 21.02% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 21.02% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Government Spending | 22.23% | 20.77% | – | 23.37% Trend | 23.73% Trend | – | – | – | – |
| Health Spending | 5.35% | 4.54% | – | 5.64% Trend | 5.89% Trend | – | – | – | – |
| Military Spending | 1.24% | 1.13% | 1.08% | 0.95% Trend | 0.85% Trend | 0.74% Trend | – | – | – |
| Tax Revenue | 15.14% | 15.49% | 15.26% | 15.39% Trend | 15.44% Trend | 15.50% Trend | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Debt
External Debt $191.8B
External Debt to GNI 37.49%
Short-term Debt 36.17%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debt Service | 7.94% | 11.96% | 4.68% | 7.47% Trend | 7.42% Trend | 7.37% Trend |
| Domestic Credit | 196.18% | 197.44% | 196.48% | 197.01% Trend | 196.81% Trend | 196.61% Trend |
| External Debt | $201.1B | $194.7B | $191.8B | $196.6B Trend | $197.4B Trend | $198.2B Trend |
| External Debt to GNI | 41.90% | 38.71% | 37.49% | 38.43% Trend | 38.13% Trend | 37.84% Trend |
| Interest Payments to Revenue | 6.76% | 5.70% | 5.76% | 6.25% Trend | 6.37% Trend | 6.49% Trend |
| Short-term Debt | 33.98% | 35.36% | 36.17% | 36.36% Trend | 37.01% Trend | 37.66% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Money
Lending Rate 4.17%
Deposit Rate 1.63%
Real Interest Rate 3.21%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit to GDP | 156.45% | 154.14% | 147.98% | 146.29% Trend | 142.87% Trend | 139.45% Trend |
| Deposit Rate | 0.51% | 1.37% | 1.63% | 1.81% Trend | 2.11% Trend | 2.40% Trend |
| Lending Rate | 3.14% | 4.29% | 4.17% | 4.48% Trend | 4.78% Trend | 5.08% Trend |
| M2 Money Supply Growth | 3.88% | 1.95% | 3.37% | -0.10% Trend | -1.74% Trend | -3.38% Trend |
| Non-Performing Loans | 2.84% | 2.76% | – | 2.56% Trend | 2.45% Trend | – |
| Real Interest Rate | -1.45% | 2.97% | 3.21% | 1.77% Trend | 1.66% Trend | 1.54% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Currency
Exchange Rate 35.29
Real Effective Exchange Rate 100.98
Foreign Reserves $236.9B
▾
| Indicator | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exchange Rate | 35.29 | – | – | 36.93 Trend | 38.02 Trend | 39.10 Trend | – | – |
| Foreign Reserves | $236.9B | – | – | $217.2B Trend | $210.8B Trend | $204.5B Trend | – | – |
| Real Effective Exchange Rate | 94.16 | 98.13 | 100.98 | – | – | 101.65 Trend | 103.39 Trend | 105.14 Trend |
| Reserves in Months of Imports | 7.5 | – | – | 5.4 Trend | 4.3 Trend | 3.2 Trend | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Trade
Exports $369.2B
Imports $349.9B
Trade Balance $17.7B
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current Account Balance | -3.43% | 1.64% | 2.21% | 1.66% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.25% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.68% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.95% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.29% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.66% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Exports | $323.9B | $338.5B | $369.2B | $397.0B Trend | $423.8B Trend | $450.5B Trend | – | – | – |
| FDI Inflows | 2.39% | 2.00% | 2.72% | 3.69% Trend | 4.30% Trend | 4.91% Trend | – | – | – |
| FDI Outflows | 1.54% | 2.65% | 1.40% | 0.90% Trend | 0.32% Trend | -0.25% Trend | – | – | – |
| Imports | $334.4B | $327.2B | $349.9B | $387.9B Trend | $414.5B Trend | $441.2B Trend | – | – | – |
| Remittances Received | $8.9B | $9.7B | $9.5B | $10.2B Trend | $10.6B Trend | $11.0B Trend | – | – | – |
| Tourism Receipts | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Trade Balance | $-10.5B | $10.7B | $17.7B | $7.0B Trend | $6.5B Trend | $6.0B Trend | – | – | – |
| Trade Openness | 132.86% | 128.82% | 136.75% | 149.54% Trend | 158.48% Trend | 167.43% Trend | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Financial Markets
Market Capitalization 98.70%
Stock Turnover Ratio 58.09%
Listed Companies 860
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interest Rate Spread | 2.63% | 2.91% | 2.54% | 2.68% Trend | 2.68% Trend | 2.67% Trend |
| Listed Companies | 810 | 840 | 860 | 895 Trend | 925 Trend | 955 Trend |
| Market Capitalization | 121.93% | 100.72% | 98.70% | 98.46% Trend | 94.73% Trend | 91.01% Trend |
| Stock Turnover Ratio | 79.13% | 65.96% | 58.09% | 49.85% Trend | 40.36% Trend | 30.87% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Political Stability
Political Stability -0.28
Government Effectiveness 0.17
Regulatory Quality 0.16
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -0.48 | -0.45 | -0.49 | -0.48 Trend | -0.48 Trend |
| Government Effectiveness | 0.22 | 0.13 | 0.17 | 0.10 Trend | 0.07 Trend |
| Political Stability | -0.57 | -0.39 | -0.28 | -0.22 Trend | -0.16 Trend |
| Regulatory Quality | 0.08 | 0.17 | 0.16 | 0.27 Trend | 0.32 Trend |
| Rule of Law | 0.09 | 0.07 | 0.24 | 0.23 Trend | 0.25 Trend |
| Voice and Accountability | -0.79 | -0.62 | -0.45 | -0.31 Trend | -0.21 Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Health
Health Expenditure per Capita $327
Infant Mortality Rate 8.0
Maternal Mortality Ratio 34.00
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Health Expenditure per Capita | $364 | $370 | $327 | $387 Trend | $402 Trend |
| Hospital Beds | 2.34 | 2.39 | 2.39 | 2.50 Trend | 2.55 Trend |
| Infant Mortality Rate | 8.5 | 8.3 | 8.0 | 7.5 Trend | 7.2 Trend |
| Maternal Mortality Ratio | 38.00 | 112.00 | 34.00 | 81.20 Trend | 88.80 Trend |
| Physicians | 0.54 | – | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Education
Literacy Rate 91.10%
Tertiary Enrollment 49.08%
Education Spending 2.52%
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education Spending | 2.52% | – | – | 2.24% Trend | 2.09% Trend | – | – |
| Literacy Rate | – | – | – | 90.59% Trend | – | – | – |
| Primary Enrollment | 102.57% | 101.00% | 100.73% | – | 99.67% Trend | 98.71% Trend | 97.75% Trend |
| Tertiary Enrollment | 45.44% | 44.98% | 49.08% | – | 49.13% Trend | 50.42% Trend | 51.71% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Energy
Renewable Energy 19.00%
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO2 Emissions | – | – | – | – | – |
| CO2 per Capita | – | – | – | – | – |
| Electricity Access | 100.00% | 99.90% | 100.00% | 100.00% Trend | 100.01% Trend |
| Energy Use per Capita | 1,848 | 1,867 | 1,851 | 1,771 Trend | 1,741 Trend |
| Forest Area | 38.83% | 38.76% | 38.69% | 38.55% Trend | 38.48% Trend |
| Renewable Energy | 19.00% | – | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Technology
Internet Users 90.87%
Mobile Subscriptions 168.64
R&D Spending 1.16%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High-tech Exports | 25.84% | 26.05% | 28.31% | 27.31% Trend | 27.58% Trend | 27.85% Trend |
| Internet Users | 87.98% | 89.54% | 90.87% | 95.39% Trend | 98.42% Trend | 101.45% Trend |
| Mobile Subscriptions | 176.22 | 168.64 | – | 166.88 Trend | 165.75 Trend | – |
| Patent Applications | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| R&D Spending | 1.16% | – | – | 1.27% Trend | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Inequality
Gini Index 33.5
Poverty Rate 0.00%
Income Share Top 10% 26.10%
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gini Index | 34.9 | 34.3 | 33.5 | 33.1 Trend | 32.8 Trend |
| Income Share Bottom 10% | 3.20% | 3.30% | 3.40% | 3.40% Trend | 3.43% Trend |
| Income Share Top 10% | 27.10% | 26.50% | 26.10% | 25.70% Trend | 25.43% Trend |
| Poverty Rate | 0.00% | 0.00% | 0.00% | -0.08% Trend | -0.11% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.