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Botswana
Botswana
HistorySaid – pattern
Botswana matched the Export Boom Cycle pattern in 2023. 19 pattern matches detected historically. View →
HistorySaid – ranking
Botswana ranks 63rd globally by GDP ($19.4B in 2024). View →
HistorySaid – inflation
Inflation in Botswana fell from 5.1% (2023) to 2.8% (2024) – a 2.2pp shift. View →
HistorySaid – population
Botswana has a population of 2.5 million as of 2024 (growth: 1.65%). View →
Economy & Growth
GDP $19.4B
GDP per Capita $7,696
GDP Growth -2.99%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture Value Added | 1.58% | 1.66% | 1.71% | 1.46% Trend | 1.34% Trend | 1.23% Trend | – | – | – |
| GDP | $20.3B | $19.4B | $19.4B | $19.2B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $20.7B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $22.3B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $24.1B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $26.4B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $28.8B IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP Deflator | 14.62% | 1.74% | 2.78% | 3.43% Trend | 2.44% Trend | 1.46% Trend | – | – | – |
| GDP Growth | 5.49% | 3.21% | -2.99% | -0.88% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.29% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 4.59% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 5.00% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 4.89% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 4.95% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP PPP | $48.7B | $52.1B | $51.8B | $52.7B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $54.8B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $58.3B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $62.2B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $66.4B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $71.0B IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP per Capita | $8,329 | $7,826 | $7,696 | $6,943 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $7,379 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $7,840 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $8,351 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $9,001 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $9,678 IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP per Capita PPP | $19,977 | $21,012 | $20,538 | $19,053 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $19,536 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $20,467 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $21,524 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $22,650 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $23,875 IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GNI | $20.4B | $19.4B | $19.4B | $21.5B Trend | $22.4B Trend | $23.4B Trend | – | – | – |
| GNI per Capita | $8,250 | $8,360 | $7,750 | $8,637 Trend | $8,950 Trend | $9,263 Trend | – | – | – |
| Gross Savings | 36.68% | 35.57% | 33.39% | 29.27% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 28.52% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 29.40% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 29.71% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 29.09% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 28.50% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Industry Value Added | 37.46% | 34.07% | 29.36% | 34.03% Trend | 34.67% Trend | 35.31% Trend | – | – | – |
| Services Value Added | 56.43% | 59.19% | 63.49% | 59.29% Trend | 58.70% Trend | 58.11% Trend | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Prices & Inflation
Inflation Rate 2.82%
Consumer Price Index 197.39
PPP Conversion Factor 5.08
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Consumer Price Index | 182.72 | 191.98 | 197.39 | 213.05 Trend | 224.85 Trend | 236.64 Trend | – | – | – |
| Inflation Rate | 11.67% | 5.07% | 2.82% | 3.36% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 4.75% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 4.50% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 4.50% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 4.50% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 4.50% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 5.16 | 5.06 | 5.08 | 5.25 Trend | 5.35 Trend | 5.44 Trend | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Population
Population 2.5M
Population Growth 1.64%
Population Density 4.4
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birth Rate | 24.7 | – | – | 24.4 Trend | 24.2 Trend | – | – |
| Death Rate | 5.7 | – | – | 5.8 Trend | 5.6 Trend | – | – |
| Dependency Ratio | 56.86 | 56.66 | – | 56.16 Trend | 55.82 Trend | 55.47 Trend | – |
| Fertility Rate | 2.73 | – | – | 2.65 Trend | 2.61 Trend | – | – |
| Life Expectancy | 69.2 | – | – | 69.2 Trend | 69.8 Trend | – | – |
| Net Migration | -6,487 | -5,778 | -5,665 | – | -6,355 Trend | -6,518 Trend | -6,682 Trend |
| Population | 2.5M | 2.5M | – | 2.6M Trend | 2.6M Trend | 2.6M Trend | – |
| Population Density | 4.4 | – | – | 4.5 Trend | 4.6 Trend | – | – |
| Population Growth | 1.64% | 1.64% | – | 1.72% Trend | 1.78% Trend | 1.83% Trend | – |
| Refugee Population | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Urban Population | 67.02% | 67.46% | – | 67.57% Trend | 67.82% Trend | 68.07% Trend | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Employment
Unemployment Rate 24.48%
Youth Unemployment 46.00%
Labor Force Participation 68.80%
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture Employment | 18.00% | 18.11% | 18.03% | 18.27% Trend | 18.41% Trend | 18.54% Trend |
| Female Labor Participation | 63.43% | 63.45% | 63.71% | 65.81% Trend | 67.11% Trend | 68.42% Trend |
| Industry Employment | 15.79% | 15.75% | 15.77% | 15.70% Trend | 15.67% Trend | 15.64% Trend |
| Labor Force Participation | 68.28% | 68.57% | 68.80% | 70.92% Trend | 72.27% Trend | 73.63% Trend |
| Services Employment | 66.21% | 66.14% | 66.20% | 66.03% Trend | 65.92% Trend | 65.82% Trend |
| Unemployment Rate | 23.38% | 23.81% | 24.48% | – | – | – |
| Youth Unemployment | 44.36% | 45.30% | 46.00% | 46.72% Trend | 47.52% Trend | 48.32% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Government
Tax Revenue 22.49%
Government Spending 26.37%
Military Spending 2.83%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Budget Deficit | -0.01% | -4.25% | -7.78% | -10.15% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -8.80% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -7.31% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -6.81% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -6.31% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -6.61% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Education Spending | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Government Debt to GDP | 20.99% | 22.51% | 29.87% | 38.80% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 44.82% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 49.05% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 51.71% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 53.82% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 56.05% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Government Revenue | 29.11% | 28.19% | 25.83% | 24.09% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 24.59% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 25.04% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 24.92% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 24.69% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 24.36% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Government Spending | 25.09% | 23.90% | 26.37% | 21.68% Trend | 19.73% Trend | 17.79% Trend | – | – | – |
| Health Spending | 5.74% | 6.26% | – | 6.06% Trend | 6.05% Trend | – | – | – | – |
| Military Spending | 2.52% | 2.46% | 2.83% | 2.36% Trend | 2.20% Trend | 2.04% Trend | – | – | – |
| Tax Revenue | 19.65% | 18.71% | 22.49% | 20.14% Trend | 19.84% Trend | 19.53% Trend | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Debt
External Debt $2.3B
External Debt to GNI 11.93%
Short-term Debt 6.24%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Debt Service | 1.93% | 3.67% | 4.72% | 4.29% Trend | 4.65% Trend | 5.01% Trend |
| Domestic Credit | 37.02% | 42.22% | 50.95% | 51.32% Trend | 54.68% Trend | 58.04% Trend |
| External Debt | $2.0B | $2.2B | $2.3B | $2.5B Trend | $2.7B Trend | $2.8B Trend |
| External Debt to GNI | 9.84% | 11.24% | 11.93% | 11.79% Trend | 12.09% Trend | 12.40% Trend |
| Interest Payments to Revenue | 2.18% | 2.18% | 3.43% | 3.14% Trend | 3.39% Trend | 3.64% Trend |
| Short-term Debt | 5.59% | 13.29% | 6.24% | 6.54% Trend | 5.62% Trend | 4.70% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Money
Lending Rate 6.26%
Deposit Rate 2.35%
Real Interest Rate 3.38%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit to GDP | 29.89% | 30.06% | 32.93% | 28.01% Trend | 26.20% Trend | 24.39% Trend |
| Deposit Rate | 1.49% | 2.95% | 2.35% | 2.89% Trend | 3.20% Trend | 3.51% Trend |
| Lending Rate | 6.13% | 6.74% | 6.26% | 6.78% Trend | 7.03% Trend | 7.28% Trend |
| M2 Money Supply Growth | 6.79% | 9.35% | 4.80% | 7.01% Trend | 7.22% Trend | 7.44% Trend |
| Non-Performing Loans | 3.75% | 3.67% | – | 3.03% Trend | 2.75% Trend | – |
| Real Interest Rate | -7.40% | 4.91% | 3.38% | 3.45% Trend | 4.64% Trend | 5.84% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Currency
Exchange Rate 13.56
Foreign Reserves $3.5B
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exchange Rate | 12.37 | 13.60 | 13.56 | 14.43 Trend | 15.10 Trend | 15.78 Trend |
| Foreign Reserves | $4.3B | $4.8B | $3.5B | $3.5B Trend | $3.2B Trend | $2.9B Trend |
| Real Effective Exchange Rate | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Reserves in Months of Imports | 5.0 | 7.2 | 4.8 | 4.7 Trend | 4.2 Trend | 3.7 Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Trade
Exports $5.6B
Imports $8.2B
Trade Balance $-3.2B
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current Account Balance | -0.60% | 1.49% | -4.23% | -7.60% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -5.92% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -4.49% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -2.91% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -1.86% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -1.09% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Exports | $9.0B | $6.5B | $5.6B | $6.9B Trend | $6.9B Trend | $6.9B Trend | – | – | – |
| FDI Inflows | 3.49% | 3.82% | 2.41% | 4.62% Trend | 5.61% Trend | 6.60% Trend | – | – | – |
| FDI Outflows | 0.05% | -0.02% | 0.02% | 0.21% Trend | 0.32% Trend | 0.43% Trend | – | – | – |
| Imports | $8.8B | $7.2B | $8.2B | $8.0B Trend | $7.9B Trend | $7.8B Trend | – | – | – |
| Remittances Received | $62.2M | $70.0M | $128.3M | $126.4M Trend | $144.1M Trend | $161.9M Trend | – | – | – |
| Tourism Receipts | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Trade Balance | $299.8M | $-835.4M | $-3.2B | $-1.9B Trend | $-2.1B Trend | $-2.2B Trend | – | – | – |
| Trade Openness | 85.61% | 68.80% | 71.11% | 68.47% Trend | 65.16% Trend | 61.85% Trend | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Financial Markets
Market Capitalization 18.52%
Stock Turnover Ratio 8.40%
Listed Companies 23
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interest Rate Spread | 4.64% | 3.79% | 3.91% | 3.89% Trend | 3.83% Trend | 3.77% Trend |
| Listed Companies | 23 | 23 | – | 22 Trend | 21 Trend | – |
| Market Capitalization | 152.67% | 18.52% | – | 96.31% Trend | 108.82% Trend | – |
| Stock Turnover Ratio | 0.29% | 8.40% | – | 6.48% Trend | 7.10% Trend | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Political Stability
Political Stability 1.04
Government Effectiveness 0.43
Regulatory Quality 0.50
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | 0.67 | 0.66 | 0.69 | 0.68 Trend | 0.69 Trend |
| Government Effectiveness | 0.32 | 0.44 | 0.43 | 0.50 Trend | 0.54 Trend |
| Political Stability | 1.04 | 1.07 | 1.04 | 1.03 Trend | 1.03 Trend |
| Regulatory Quality | 0.60 | 0.62 | 0.50 | 0.59 Trend | 0.60 Trend |
| Rule of Law | 0.45 | 0.46 | 0.39 | 0.42 Trend | 0.42 Trend |
| Voice and Accountability | 0.46 | 0.45 | 0.50 | 0.47 Trend | 0.47 Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Health
Health Expenditure per Capita $490
Infant Mortality Rate 38.2
Maternal Mortality Ratio 155.00
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Health Expenditure per Capita | $492 | $478 | $490 | $534 Trend | $554 Trend |
| Hospital Beds | 2.39 | 2.36 | – | 2.25 Trend | – |
| Infant Mortality Rate | 40.3 | 39.2 | 38.2 | 36.1 Trend | 35.1 Trend |
| Maternal Mortality Ratio | 165.00 | 120.00 | 155.00 | 180.40 Trend | 193.60 Trend |
| Physicians | 0.42 | 0.41 | 0.38 | 0.38 Trend | 0.38 Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Education
Literacy Rate 81.19%
Tertiary Enrollment 21.41%
Education Spending 8.06%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education Spending | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Literacy Rate | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Primary Enrollment | 109.27% | – | – | 108.55% Trend | – | – |
| Tertiary Enrollment | 20.71% | 20.57% | 21.41% | 20.47% Trend | 20.21% Trend | 19.95% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Energy
Renewable Energy 27.40%
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO2 Emissions | – | – | – | – | – |
| CO2 per Capita | – | – | – | – | – |
| Electricity Access | 73.70% | 75.90% | 76.00% | 79.86% Trend | 81.45% Trend |
| Energy Use per Capita | 1,143 | 1,165 | – | 975 Trend | – |
| Forest Area | 26.71% | 26.50% | 26.29% | 25.87% Trend | 25.66% Trend |
| Renewable Energy | 27.40% | – | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Technology
Internet Users 81.36%
Mobile Subscriptions 179.03
R&D Spending 0.56%
▾
| Indicator | 2021 | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High-tech Exports | 0.33% | 0.50% | 0.54% | 0.61% Trend | 0.65% Trend |
| Internet Users | 78.74% | 80.37% | 81.36% | 94.59% Trend | 99.67% Trend |
| Mobile Subscriptions | 173.25 | 178.21 | 179.03 | 191.83 Trend | 197.14 Trend |
| Patent Applications | 3 | – | – | – | – |
| R&D Spending | – | – | – | – | – |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Inequality
Gini Index 54.9
Poverty Rate 21.40%
Income Share Top 10% 42.90%
▾
| Indicator | 2002 | 2009 | 2015 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gini Index | 61.5 | 56.9 | 54.9 |
| Income Share Bottom 10% | 1.00% | 1.20% | 1.40% |
| Income Share Top 10% | 50.00% | 46.50% | 42.90% |
| Poverty Rate | 34.80% | 21.10% | 21.40% |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.