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Libya
Libya
HistorySaid - pattern
Libya matched the Export Boom Cycle pattern in 2017. 19 pattern matches detected historically. View →
Economy & Growth
GDP $47.9B
GDP per Capita $6,866
GDP Growth 15.56%
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture Value Added | 1.77% | 2.39% | 1.21% | 1.21% Trend | 0.81% Trend | 0.41% Trend | - | - | - |
| GDP | $44.0B | $48.5B | $47.9B | $47.9B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $49.2B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $51.2B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $53.1B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $55.5B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $57.9B IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP Deflator | -7.62% | 8.51% | 4.41% | 4.41% Trend | -2.75% Trend | -9.90% Trend | - | - | - |
| GDP Growth | 10.20% | 1.90% | 15.56% | 15.56% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 4.23% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.29% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.75% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.93% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.21% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP PPP | $101.2B | $105.6B | $125.2B | $125.2B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $132.8B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $138.2B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $142.9B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $148.2B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $154.3B IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP per Capita | $6,027 | $6,569 | $6,866 | $6,866 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $6,972 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $7,183 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $7,387 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $7,634 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $7,885 IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP per Capita PPP | $13,847 | $14,304 | $17,931 | $17,931 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $18,837 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $19,397 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $19,859 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $20,393 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $21,024 IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GNI | $46.2B | $52.2B | $51.0B | $51.0B Trend | $53.1B Trend | $55.1B Trend | - | - | - |
| GNI per Capita | $6,160 | $6,890 | $6,299 | $6,299 Trend | $6,198 Trend | $6,097 Trend | - | - | - |
| Gross Savings | 24.72% | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Industry Value Added | 78.90% | 73.50% | 99.74% | 99.74% Trend | 111.65% Trend | 123.56% Trend | - | - | - |
| Services Value Added | 23.98% | 28.34% | 1.42% | 1.42% Trend | -11.40% Trend | -24.23% Trend | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Prices & Inflation
Inflation Rate 1.82%
Consumer Price Index 293.70
PPP Conversion Factor 2.78
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Consumer Price Index | 278.26 | 284.18 | 293.70 | 293.70 Trend | 301.79 Trend | 309.87 Trend | - | - | - |
| Inflation Rate | 2.37% | 2.13% | 1.82% | 1.82% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.57% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.57% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.57% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.57% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 1.57% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 2.09 | 2.22 | 2.78 | 2.78 Trend | 3.09 Trend | 3.40 Trend | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Population
Population 7.5M
Population Growth 0.97%
Population Density 4.3
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birth Rate | 17.0 | - | 15.9 | 15.9 Trend | 15.3 Trend | - | - |
| Death Rate | 6.7 | - | 6.5 | 6.5 Trend | 6.7 Trend | - | - |
| Dependency Ratio | 48.90 | 48.00 | 47.03 | 47.03 Trend | 46.09 Trend | 45.14 Trend | - |
| Fertility Rate | 2.36 | - | 2.26 | 2.26 Trend | 2.22 Trend | - | - |
| Life Expectancy | 69.3 | - | 70.2 | 70.2 Trend | 69.7 Trend | - | - |
| Net Migration | -2,001 | 3,448 | -172 | - | 1,664 Trend | 2,313 Trend | 2,963 Trend |
| Population | 7.3M | 7.4M | 7.5M | 7.5M Trend | 7.6M Trend | 7.6M Trend | - |
| Population Density | 4.2 | - | 4.3 | 4.3 Trend | 4.3 Trend | - | - |
| Population Growth | 1.13% | 1.03% | 0.97% | 0.97% Trend | 0.89% Trend | 0.81% Trend | - |
| Refugee Population | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Urban Population | 87.86% | 87.89% | 87.90% | 87.90% Trend | 87.91% Trend | 87.92% Trend | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Employment
Unemployment Rate 18.76%
Youth Unemployment 50.06%
Labor Force Participation 47.96%
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture Employment | 10.60% | 10.52% | 10.00% | 9.95% Trend | 9.73% Trend | 9.51% Trend |
| Female Labor Participation | 33.47% | 33.28% | 33.00% | 33.82% Trend | 34.12% Trend | 34.41% Trend |
| Industry Employment | 18.28% | 18.08% | 18.63% | 18.44% Trend | 18.50% Trend | 18.55% Trend |
| Labor Force Participation | 48.51% | 48.27% | 47.96% | 49.15% Trend | 49.60% Trend | 50.06% Trend |
| Services Employment | 71.12% | 71.40% | 71.38% | 71.62% Trend | 71.77% Trend | 71.93% Trend |
| Unemployment Rate | 18.71% | 19.09% | 18.76% | - | - | - |
| Youth Unemployment | 49.86% | 50.59% | 50.06% | 49.39% Trend | 48.96% Trend | 48.53% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Government
Military Spending 4.71%
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| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Budget Deficit | 8.22% | -25.05% | -4.31% | -4.31% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -1.01% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -1.11% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -1.08% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -1.06% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -1.14% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Government Debt to GDP | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Government Revenue | 73.57% | 69.79% | 67.71% | 67.71% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 61.66% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 59.11% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 57.31% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 55.37% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 53.41% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Government Spending | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Health Spending | 7.81% | - | 7.11% | 7.11% Trend | 7.33% Trend | - | - | - | - |
| Military Spending | 5.29% | - | 4.71% | 4.71% Trend | 4.40% Trend | - | - | - | - |
| Tax Revenue | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Debt
▾
Money
Lending Rate 6.00%
Deposit Rate 2.50%
Real Interest Rate 7.08%
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit to GDP | 12.22% | 13.04% | 8.85% | 8.85% Trend | 7.21% Trend | 5.57% Trend |
| Deposit Rate | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Lending Rate | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| M2 Money Supply Growth | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Non-Performing Loans | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Real Interest Rate | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Currency
Exchange Rate 6.23
Foreign Reserves $97.8B
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exchange Rate | 4.81 | 4.83 | 6.23 | 6.23 Trend | 6.95 Trend | 7.67 Trend |
| Foreign Reserves | $92.4B | $92.9B | $97.8B | $97.8B Trend | $101.4B Trend | $105.1B Trend |
| Real Effective Exchange Rate | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Reserves in Months of Imports | 31.6 | - | 24.2 | 24.2 Trend | 19.9 Trend | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Trade
Exports $48.6B
Imports $37.0B
Trade Balance $12.8B
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current Account Balance | 4.24% | -4.18% | 0.94% | 0.94% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 0.60% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 0.45% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 0.41% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 0.38% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 0.43% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Exports | $37.8B | - | $48.6B | $48.6B Trend | $53.3B Trend | - | - | - | - |
| FDI Inflows | 1.81% | - | 1.84% | 1.84% Trend | 1.89% Trend | - | - | - | - |
| FDI Outflows | -0.37% | -0.12% | -0.61% | -0.61% Trend | -0.89% Trend | -1.16% Trend | - | - | - |
| Imports | $33.3B | - | $37.0B | $37.0B Trend | $39.9B Trend | - | - | - | - |
| Remittances Received | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Tourism Receipts | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Trade Balance | $6.6B | $7.3B | $12.8B | $12.8B Trend | $15.2B Trend | $17.5B Trend | - | - | - |
| Trade Openness | 159.43% | 128.82% | 177.22% | 177.22% Trend | 192.30% Trend | 207.38% Trend | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Financial Markets
▾
| Indicator | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Interest Rate Spread | 3.50% | 3.50% | 3.50% |
| Listed Companies | - | - | - |
| Market Capitalization | - | - | - |
| Stock Turnover Ratio | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Political Stability
Political Stability -1.91
Government Effectiveness -1.60
Regulatory Quality -1.77
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | -1.53 | -1.53 | -1.50 | -1.50 Trend | -1.48 Trend |
| Government Effectiveness | -1.76 | -1.64 | -1.60 | -1.60 Trend | -1.56 Trend |
| Political Stability | -2.19 | -2.17 | -1.91 | -1.91 Trend | -1.81 Trend |
| Regulatory Quality | -2.09 | -1.95 | -1.77 | -1.77 Trend | -1.68 Trend |
| Rule of Law | -1.80 | -1.77 | -1.78 | -1.78 Trend | -1.77 Trend |
| Voice and Accountability | -1.38 | -1.39 | -1.35 | -1.35 Trend | -1.34 Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Health
Health Expenditure per Capita $274
Infant Mortality Rate 15.4
Maternal Mortality Ratio 61.40
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Health Expenditure per Capita | $284 | $470 | $274 | $274 Trend | $239 Trend |
| Hospital Beds | 3.50 | - | 3.56 | 3.56 Trend | - |
| Infant Mortality Rate | 8.4 | 15.9 | 15.4 | 15.4 Trend | 16.6 Trend |
| Maternal Mortality Ratio | 60.00 | 59.00 | 61.40 | 61.40 Trend | 59.10 Trend |
| Physicians | - | - | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Education
Literacy Rate 60.16%
Tertiary Enrollment 58.54%
Education Spending 2.26%
▾
| Indicator | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Education Spending | - | - | - |
| Literacy Rate | - | - | - |
| Primary Completion Rate | - | - | - |
| Primary Enrollment | 108.33% | 102.51% | 107.00% |
| Secondary Enrollment | - | 93.69% | 97.61% |
| Tertiary Enrollment | - | - | - |
| Youth Literacy Rate | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Energy
Renewable Energy 3.10%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO2 Emissions | - | - | - | - | - |
| CO2 per Capita | - | - | - | - | - |
| Electricity Access | 70.00% | 73.20% | 74.26% | 74.26% Trend | 75.26% Trend |
| Energy Use per Capita | 2,539 | - | 1,574 | 1,574 Trend | - |
| Forest Area | 0.12% | 0.12% | 0.12% | 0.12% Trend | 0.12% Trend |
| Renewable Energy | - | - | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Technology
Internet Users 116.69%
Mobile Subscriptions 270.32
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High-tech Exports | - | - | - | - | - |
| Internet Users | 88.64% | 88.50% | 116.69% | 116.69% Trend | 125.18% Trend |
| Mobile Subscriptions | 192.97 | - | 270.32 | 270.32 Trend | - |
| Patent Applications | - | - | - | - | - |
| R&D Spending | - | - | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Inequality
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Data & analysis
Real GDP growth (%)
| 2023 | 10.16 |
| 2024 | -0.64 |
| 2025 | 17.30 |
| 2026 | 4.29 |
| 2027 | 1.79 |
| 2028 | 1.86 |
| 2029 | 2.01 |
| 2030 | 2.23 |
CPI inflation (%)
| 2023 | 2.37 |
| 2024 | 2.13 |
| 2025 | 2.29 |
| 2026 | 2.29 |
| 2027 | 2.29 |
| 2028 | 2.29 |
| 2029 | 2.29 |
| 2030 | 2.29 |
Unemployment rate (%)
| 2023 | 0.00 |
| 2024 | 0.00 |
| 2025 | 0.00 |
| 2026 | 0.00 |
| 2027 | 0.00 |
| 2028 | 0.00 |
| 2029 | 0.00 |
| 2030 | 0.00 |
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook via DBnomics
Libya’s recent macroeconomic trajectory reflects a volatile pattern of boom and bust tied to its hydrocarbon-dependent economy. After a strong recovery in 2023, when real GDP grew by 10.16 percent, the economy contracted sharply in 2024 with a decline of 0.64 percent, likely due to oil output disruptions or political instability. The IMF projects a dramatic rebound to 17.30 percent growth in 2025, followed by a rapid deceleration to 4.29 percent in 2026 and a gradual convergence toward roughly 2 percent annually by the end of the decade. Inflation remains remarkably stable at around 2.29 percent from 2025 onward, suggesting price controls or subdued domestic demand. Historically, Libya achieved the #1 GDP Growth ranking globally in 2012, a year following the civil war, mirroring the post-conflict recovery pattern seen in the 2025 projection. The data tells a story of extreme volatility punctuated by recovery spikes, not sustained expansion. Shifting this trajectory would require consistent political stability and diversification away from oil revenue dependence.