Panama – R&D Spending 1997
0.30%
−0.01% from 1996
Panama's r&d spending was 0.30% in 1997, decreased +0.01% from 0.31% in 1996. This was the 50th highest in the G20.
G20 Ranking – 1997▾
| Rank | Country | Value | YoY |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | Sweden | 3.27% | – |
| 2nd | Japan | 2.72% | 3.0% |
| 3rd | Israel | 2.71% | 8.9% |
| 4th | Finland | 2.62% | 6.9% |
| 5th | United States | 2.48% | 1.1% |
| 6th | Korea | 2.25% | 1.5% |
| 7th | Germany | 2.19% | 2.0% |
| 8th | France | 2.15% | -3.4% |
| 9th | Denmark | 1.89% | 4.6% |
| 10th | Netherlands | 1.84% | 0.2% |
| 11th | Belgium | 1.81% | 3.8% |
| 12th | Iceland | 1.80% | – |
| 13th | European Union | 1.73% | 1.9% |
| 14th | Austria | 1.65% | 4.7% |
| 15th | Canada | 1.61% | 0.4% |
| 16th | Norway | 1.59% | – |
| 17th | United Kingdom | 1.54% | -2.4% |
| 18th | Singapore | 1.42% | 7.3% |
| 19th | Slovenia | 1.25% | -1.4% |
| 20th | Ireland | 1.24% | -2.3% |
| 21st | Ukraine | 1.19% | – |
| 22nd | New Zealand | 1.06% | – |
| 23rd | Slovak Republic | 1.05% | 18.1% |
| 24th | Russian Federation | 1.04% | 8.1% |
| 25th | Czechia | 0.99% | 11.1% |
| 26th | Italy | 0.99% | 4.4% |
| 27th | Moldova | 0.81% | -7.6% |
| 28th | Spain | 0.78% | -1.2% |
| 29th | Belarus | 0.73% | -26.9% |
| 30th | Serbia | 0.71% | – |
| 31st | Hungary | 0.70% | 10.9% |
| 32nd | India | 0.69% | 7.5% |
| 33rd | Poland | 0.64% | 0.6% |
| 34th | China | 0.64% | 13.4% |
| 35th | Romania | 0.57% | -14.9% |
| 36th | Portugal | 0.56% | 2.6% |
| 37th | Lithuania | 0.54% | 9.1% |
| 38th | South Africa | 0.53% | – |
| 39th | Türkiye | 0.49% | 8.9% |
| 40th | Bulgaria | 0.47% | 11.3% |
| 41st | Greece | 0.43% | – |
| 42nd | Argentina | 0.42% | 0.5% |
| 43rd | Cuba | 0.40% | 15.6% |
| 44th | Azerbaijan | 0.37% | 57.0% |
| 45th | Latvia | 0.37% | -7.7% |
| 46th | North Macedonia | 0.36% | – |
| 47th | Uruguay | 0.35% | 32.0% |
| 48th | Georgia | 0.34% | 3.5% |
| 49th | Bolivia, Plurinational State of | 0.32% | -3.0% |
| 50th | Panama | 0.30% | -3.5% |
| 51st | Costa Rica | 0.30% | -2.2% |
| 52nd | Kazakhstan | 0.29% | – |
| 53rd | Mauritius | 0.28% | – |
| 54th | Mexico | 0.26% | 10.8% |
| 55th | Kuwait | 0.21% | – |
| 56th | Egypt, Arab Republic of | 0.20% | -7.1% |
| 57th | Kyrgyz Republic | 0.19% | – |
| 58th | Armenia | 0.19% | – |
| 59th | Madagascar | 0.18% | – |
| 60th | Burkina Faso | 0.18% | 14.3% |
| 61st | Mongolia | 0.17% | – |
| 62nd | Pakistan | 0.16% | – |
| 63rd | Trinidad and Tobago | 0.12% | 11.9% |
| 64th | Thailand | 0.10% | -14.3% |
| 65th | Peru | 0.08% | – |
| 66th | Nicaragua | 0.07% | – |
| 67th | Ecuador | 0.06% | -15.4% |
| 68th | Myanmar | 0.06% | – |
| 69th | Bermuda | 0.06% | – |
| 70th | Zambia | 0.01% | -33.2% |
Related
1996
1998
All years
Full ranking 1997
Internet Users
Mobile Subscriptions
Patent Applications
High-tech Exports
Peak: 2000
Lowest: 2013
R&D Spending 1990s
R&D Spending 2000s
R&D Spending 2010s
R&D Spending 2020s
Highest ever
Lowest ever
Average
vs Trinidad and Tobago
vs Costa Rica
vs Romania
vs Oman
G20 Ranking