Türkiye Trade Openness
Trade as % of GDP NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS
Türkiye's trade openness was 61.38% in 2025, ranked 131st globally. This represents a 12.4% increase from 2024. Data from World Bank, covering 1960–2025.
Overview
Türkiye's trade openness stood at 61.38% in 2025, a rise of +6.78% from 2024. Based on recent trends, this figure is projected to reach 61.38% by 2025. Türkiye ranked 131st globally.
Turkey’s trade openness, measured as the sum of exports and imports relative to GDP, has risen dramatically from a mere 5.73 in 1960 to 61.38 in 2025, placing the country 131st in the World Bank ranking. The long‑term ascent culminated in an all‑time peak of 79.90 in 2022, reflecting successive liberalisation reforms, integration into global value chains and the expansion of manufacturing exports. The early low point in 1960 coincided with a closed, import‑substituting economy, while the post‑2000 surge aligns with Turkey’s accession negotiations with the European Union and the growth of regional trade agreements. Among peers with similar openness scores, Kazakhstan records 61.89 and Israel 58.70, illustrating that Turkey now operates at a comparable level to other emerging markets with diversified trade portfolios. Continued diversification of export markets and further reduction of non‑tariff barriers will be crucial to sustain the upward trajectory and avoid a reversal toward lower openness.
Data & projection
| Year | Trade Openness | YoY change | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2027* trend | 58.28% | - | - |
| 2026* trend | 59.83% | - | - |
| 2025* trend | 61.38% | - | - |
| 2025 | 61.38% | +6.78% | #131 |
| 2024 | 54.60% | −11.08% | #45 |
| 2023 | 65.68% | −14.22% | #59 |
| 2022 | 79.90% | +10.29% | #78 |
| 2021 | 69.61% | +9.22% | #74 |
| 2020 | 60.39% | −2.19% | #73 |
| 2019 | 62.58% | −0.25% | #57 |
| 2018 | 62.83% | +6.69% | #58 |
| 2017 | 56.14% | +7.27% | #51 |
| 2016 | 48.87% | −3.00% | #38 |
| 2015 | 51.87% | −2.43% | #38 |
| 2014 | 54.31% | +1.24% | #37 |
| 2013 | 53.07% | −0.26% | #35 |
| 2012 | 53.33% | −0.32% | #33 |
| 2011 | 53.65% | +6.71% | #33 |
Detected Pattern
Analysis
Türkiye matched the Stagflation Risk pattern in 2020. Historically, 38% of countries showing this pattern (117 out of 307) saw trade openness improve within 24 months. View full analysis →
Frequently Asked Questions
Türkiye's trade openness was 61.38% in 2025. Ranked 131st globally. This represents a 12.4% increase from the previous year.
Türkiye's trade openness peaked at 79.90% in 2022.
The lowest trade openness in Türkiye was 5.73% in 1960.
Türkiye ranks 131st globally in trade openness as of 2025.
The World Bank indicator code is NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS. Data sourced from World Bank.
Türkiye's trade openness is projected to reach 61.38% by 2025 based on trend extrapolation.
The trade openness of Türkiye in 2025 was 61.38%. This ranks 131st in the world.
Cite this page
@misc{historysaid_turkiye_trade-openness,
title = {Türkiye Trade Openness},
url = {https://historysaid.com/turkiye/trade-openness/},
publisher = {HistorySaid},
year = {2026}
}