Turkmenistan Trade Openness
Trade as % of GDP NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS
Turkmenistan's trade openness was 29.83% in 2025, ranked 175th globally. This represents a 3.8% increase from 2024. Data from World Bank, covering 1991–2025.
Overview
Turkmenistan's trade openness stood at 29.83% in 2025, a rise of +1.09% from 2024. Based on recent trends, this figure is projected to reach 29.83% by 2025. Turkmenistan ranked 175th globally.
Turkmenistan’s trade openness, measured as the sum of exports and imports divided by GDP, has fallen dramatically from its early‑1990s high, slipping from a peak of 170.26 in 1994 to a trough of 28.73 in 2024, before reaching 29.83 in 2025, which places the country 175th in the global ranking. The steep decline reflects a prolonged shift toward a more closed, resource‑dependent economy, with limited diversification of export markets and modest import growth. Over the 35‑year series, Turkmenistan’s openness remains well below that of regional peers such as Bangladesh (30.39) and Pakistan (29.51), and comparable to Argentina’s 26.61, indicating persistent constraints on external trade integration. The recent marginal rise from the 2024 trough suggests a tentative reversal, but sustaining higher openness will likely require policy reforms that liberalize trade regimes, improve transport corridors, and attract foreign investment to expand both export capacity and import demand.
Data & projection
| Year | Trade Openness | YoY change | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2027* trend | 27.16% | - | - |
| 2026* trend | 28.49% | - | - |
| 2025* trend | 29.83% | - | - |
| 2025 | 29.83% | +1.09% | #175 |
| 2024 | 28.73% | −5.36% | #7 |
| 2023 | 34.10% | −3.26% | #9 |
| 2022 | 37.36% | +4.30% | #11 |
| 2021 | 33.06% | −2.88% | #7 |
| 2020 | 35.94% | −8.35% | #19 |
| 2019 | 44.29% | −6.61% | #23 |
| 2018 | 50.90% | −2.68% | #36 |
| 2017 | 53.58% | −8.47% | #43 |
| 2016 | 62.05% | −19.25% | #65 |
| 2015 | 81.30% | −9.79% | #99 |
| 2014 | 91.09% | −7.50% | #106 |
| 2013 | 98.59% | −10.74% | #117 |
| 2012 | 109.33% | −1.73% | #127 |
| 2011 | 111.06% | +14.20% | #133 |
Detected Pattern
Analysis
Turkmenistan matched the Stagflation Risk pattern in 2002. Historically, 38% of countries showing this pattern (117 out of 307) saw trade openness improve within 24 months. View full analysis →
Frequently Asked Questions
Turkmenistan's trade openness was 29.83% in 2025. Ranked 175th globally. This represents a 3.8% increase from the previous year.
Turkmenistan's trade openness peaked at 170.26% in 1994.
The lowest trade openness in Turkmenistan was 28.73% in 2024.
Turkmenistan ranks 175th globally in trade openness as of 2025.
The World Bank indicator code is NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS. Data sourced from World Bank.
Turkmenistan's trade openness is projected to reach 29.83% by 2025 based on trend extrapolation.
The trade openness of Turkmenistan in 2025 was 29.83%. This ranks 175th in the world.
Cite this page
@misc{historysaid_turkmenistan_trade-openness,
title = {Turkmenistan Trade Openness},
url = {https://historysaid.com/turkmenistan/trade-openness/},
publisher = {HistorySaid},
year = {2026}
}