Viet Nam Government Debt to GDP
General government gross debt as % of GDP GGXWDG_NGDP
Viet Nam's government debt to gdp was 32.05% in 2025, ranked 146th globally. This represents a 2.5% increase from 2024. Data from IMF WEO, covering 2000–2025.
Overview
Viet Nam's government debt to gdp stood at 32.05% in 2025, a rise of +0.78% from 2024. The IMF projects 32.05% by 2025. Viet Nam ranked 146th globally.
Vietnam’s general government debt has risen steadily from an all‑time trough of 24.75 % of GDP in 2000 to a peak of 47.88 % in 2016, before easing to 32.05 % in 2025, placing the country 146th in the world rankings. The post‑2016 decline reflects fiscal consolidation measures and a rebound in export‑driven growth that improved revenue buffers, yet the debt ratio remains above the early‑2000s level. Over the 26‑year span, Vietnam’s debt trajectory mirrors that of other emerging economies such as Peru, whose 2025 ratio of 32.13 % is virtually identical, suggesting similar constraints in financing public investment while maintaining macro‑stability. The modest reduction since the 2016 high indicates that fiscal discipline is taking hold, but any resurgence of pandemic‑related spending or a slowdown in growth could stall or reverse the downward trend. Continued structural reforms and prudent debt management are likely to keep the ratio on a gradual declining path.
Data & projection
| Year | Government Debt to GDP | YoY change | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2030* IMF | 30.62% | - | - |
| 2029* IMF | 30.84% | - | - |
| 2028* IMF | 31.09% | - | - |
| 2027* IMF | 31.45% | - | - |
| 2026* IMF | 31.81% | - | - |
| 2025* IMF | 32.05% | - | - |
| 2025 | 32.05% | +0.78% | #146 |
| 2024 | 31.27% | −2.99% | #32 |
| 2023 | 34.26% | −0.67% | #40 |
| 2022 | 34.92% | −4.31% | #41 |
| 2021 | 39.24% | −2.08% | #38 |
| 2020 | 41.32% | +0.33% | #41 |
| 2019 | 40.99% | −2.81% | #68 |
| 2018 | 43.80% | −2.82% | #81 |
| 2017 | 46.62% | −1.26% | #89 |
| 2016 | 47.88% | +1.76% | #99 |
| 2015 | 46.12% | +2.47% | #102 |
| 2014 | 43.64% | +2.23% | #107 |
| 2013 | 41.41% | +3.08% | #100 |
| 2012 | 38.33% | +2.15% | #102 |
| 2011 | 36.19% | −1.10% | #95 |
Detected Pattern
Analysis
Viet Nam matched the Export Boom Cycle pattern in 2020. Historically, 71% of countries showing this pattern (546 out of 768) saw government debt to gdp improve within 24 months. View full analysis →
Frequently Asked Questions
Viet Nam's government debt to gdp was 32.05% in 2025. Ranked 146th globally. This represents a 2.5% increase from the previous year.
Viet Nam's government debt to gdp peaked at 47.88% in 2016.
The lowest government debt to gdp in Viet Nam was 24.76% in 2000.
Viet Nam ranks 146th globally in government debt to gdp as of 2025.
The World Bank indicator code is GGXWDG_NGDP. Data sourced from IMF WEO.
Viet Nam's government debt to gdp is projected to reach 32.05% by 2025 based on IMF projection.
The government debt to gdp of Viet Nam in 2025 was 32.05%. This ranks 146th in the world.
Cite this page
@misc{historysaid_viet-nam_government-debt-to-gdp,
title = {Viet Nam Government Debt to GDP},
url = {https://historysaid.com/viet-nam/government-debt-to-gdp/},
publisher = {HistorySaid},
year = {2026}
}