Indonesia External Debt to GNI
External debt stocks as % of GNI DT.DOD.DECT.GN.ZS
Indonesia's external debt to gni was 26.10% in 2025, ranked 93rd globally. This represents a 15.7% decrease from 2024. Data from World Bank, covering 1970–2025.
Overview
Indonesia's external debt to gni stood at 26.10% in 2025, a decline of +4.87pp from 2024. Based on recent trends, this figure is projected to reach 26.10% by 2025. Indonesia ranked 93rd globally.
Indonesia's external debt to GNI ratio has exhibited significant fluctuations over the past 56 years, with a notable all-time peak of 168.20% in 1998 and a low of 25.30% in 2011. The country has made considerable progress in reducing its debt burden since the Asian financial crisis, with the ratio decreasing to 26.10% in 2025, placing it at the 93rd position globally. This trend is comparable to that of Comoros, which has a similar ratio of 26.16%. Indonesia's external debt to GNI ratio has experienced a steady decline since the 2010s, with a brief uptick in the mid-2020s. The country's economic resilience and efforts to bolster its foreign exchange reserves have likely contributed to this improvement. However, a potential shift in global economic conditions, such as a rise in interest rates or a decline in commodity prices, could alter the trajectory of Indonesia's external debt to GNI ratio and require policymakers to reassess their fiscal strategies.
Data & projection
| Year | External Debt to GNI | YoY change | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2027* trend | 21.04% | - | - |
| 2026* trend | 23.57% | - | - |
| 2025* trend | 26.10% | - | - |
| 2025 | 26.10% | −4.87pp | #93 |
| 2024 | 30.97% | +1.04pp | #27 |
| 2023 | 29.94% | −0.92pp | #29 |
| 2022 | 30.85% | −5.35pp | #31 |
| 2021 | 36.20% | −4.29pp | #35 |
| 2020 | 40.49% | +3.41pp | #45 |
| 2019 | 37.08% | −0.48pp | #48 |
| 2018 | 37.56% | +1.60pp | #50 |
| 2017 | 35.96% | +0.59pp | #50 |
| 2016 | 35.37% | −1.62pp | #47 |
| 2015 | 36.99% | +3.01pp | #54 |
| 2014 | 33.98% | +4.20pp | #57 |
| 2013 | 29.78% | +1.46pp | #47 |
| 2012 | 28.32% | +3.03pp | #52 |
| 2011 | 25.30% | −1.68pp | #41 |
Detected Pattern
Analysis
Indonesia matched the Export Boom Cycle pattern in 2011. Historically, 71% of countries showing this pattern (546 out of 768) saw external debt to gni improve within 24 months. View full analysis →
Frequently Asked Questions
Indonesia's external debt to gni was 26.10% in 2025. Ranked 93rd globally. This represents a 15.7% decrease from the previous year.
Indonesia's external debt to gni peaked at 168.20% in 1998.
The lowest external debt to gni in Indonesia was 25.30% in 2011.
Indonesia ranks 93rd globally in external debt to gni as of 2025.
The World Bank indicator code is DT.DOD.DECT.GN.ZS. Data sourced from World Bank.
Indonesia's external debt to gni is projected to reach 26.10% by 2025 based on trend extrapolation.
The external debt to gni of Indonesia in 2025 was 26.10%. This ranks 93rd in the world.
Cite this page
@misc{historysaid_indonesia_external-debt-to-gni,
title = {Indonesia External Debt to GNI},
url = {https://historysaid.com/indonesia/external-debt-to-gni/},
publisher = {HistorySaid},
year = {2026}
}