Jordan External Debt to GNI
External debt stocks as % of GNI DT.DOD.DECT.GN.ZS
Jordan's external debt to gni was 89.12% in 2025, ranked 10th globally. This represents a 1.1% decrease from 2024. Data from World Bank, covering 1970–2025.
Overview
Jordan's external debt to gni stood at 89.12% in 2025, a decline of +1.01pp from 2024. Based on recent trends, this figure is projected to reach 89.12% by 2025. Jordan ranked 10th globally.
Jordan’s external debt-to‑GNI ratio has risen sharply since the 1970s, climbing from a trough of 18.09 % in 1970 to an all‑time peak of 243.60 % during the 1991 post‑Gulf War shock, before moderating to 89.12 % in 2025, placing the country tenth in the world. The 56‑year coverage shows a long‑term upward trajectory, with the most pronounced expansion occurring in the 1980s and early 1990s when regional conflicts and fiscal deficits drove borrowing to historic levels. By contrast, Rwanda’s comparable ratio of 88.91 % in 2025 indicates that Jordan now faces a debt burden similar to that of other emerging economies grappling with external financing needs. The recent decline from the 1991 peak reflects tighter fiscal consolidation and debt‑service management, yet the ratio remains high enough to constrain public‑sector spending. Continued improvement will depend on sustained primary surpluses, diversification of export markets and prudent external borrowing, which could gradually lower the debt‑to‑GNI path.
Data & projection
| Year | External Debt to GNI | YoY change | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2027* trend | 89.71% | - | - |
| 2026* trend | 89.42% | - | - |
| 2025* trend | 89.12% | - | - |
| 2025 | 89.12% | −1.01pp | #10 |
| 2024 | 90.13% | +2.26pp | #101 |
| 2023 | 87.87% | +2.56pp | #101 |
| 2022 | 85.31% | −5.34pp | #100 |
| 2021 | 90.65% | +3.36pp | #98 |
| 2020 | 87.29% | +12.04pp | #95 |
| 2019 | 75.25% | +1.30pp | #96 |
| 2018 | 73.95% | +1.37pp | #97 |
| 2017 | 72.59% | +4.10pp | #90 |
| 2016 | 68.48% | +1.39pp | #89 |
| 2015 | 67.09% | +0.87pp | #90 |
| 2014 | 66.22% | −1.20pp | #92 |
| 2013 | 67.43% | +8.87pp | #94 |
| 2012 | 58.56% | −1.17pp | #86 |
| 2011 | 59.73% | −3.03pp | #94 |
Detected Pattern
Analysis
Jordan matched the Fiscal Dominance Trap pattern in 2008. Historically, 72% of countries showing this pattern (278 out of 386) saw external debt to gni improve within 24 months. View full analysis →
Frequently Asked Questions
Jordan's external debt to gni was 89.12% in 2025. Ranked 10th globally. This represents a 1.1% decrease from the previous year.
Jordan's external debt to gni peaked at 243.60% in 1991.
The lowest external debt to gni in Jordan was 18.09% in 1970.
Jordan ranks 10th globally in external debt to gni as of 2025.
The World Bank indicator code is DT.DOD.DECT.GN.ZS. Data sourced from World Bank.
Jordan's external debt to gni is projected to reach 89.12% by 2025 based on trend extrapolation.
The external debt to gni of Jordan in 2025 was 89.12%. This ranks 10th in the world.
Cite this page
@misc{historysaid_jordan_external-debt-to-gni,
title = {Jordan External Debt to GNI},
url = {https://historysaid.com/jordan/external-debt-to-gni/},
publisher = {HistorySaid},
year = {2026}
}