Kosovo External Debt to GNI
External debt stocks as % of GNI DT.DOD.DECT.GN.ZS
Kosovo's external debt to gni was 39.34% in 2025, ranked 60th globally. This represents a 1.9% increase from 2024. Data from World Bank, covering 2008–2025.
Overview
Kosovo's external debt to gni stood at 39.34% in 2025, a rise of +0.73pp from 2024. Based on recent trends, this figure is projected to reach 39.34% by 2025. Kosovo ranked 60th globally.
Kosovo’s external debt relative to gross national income has risen sharply over the 18‑year series, climbing from a trough of 13.09 % in 2008 to a peak of 39.70 % in 2023 and settling at 39.34 % in 2025, placing the country 60th in the world. The accelerated increase since the early 2010s reflects a combination of higher borrowing to finance infrastructure projects and fiscal deficits that have outpaced domestic revenue growth. By comparison, Belarus records a similar burden at 39.81 % and Thailand is slightly lower at 38.43 %, indicating that Kosovo now shares the upper tier of external debt ratios among emerging economies. The modest decline from the 2023 peak suggests a tentative stabilization, yet the debt‑to‑GNI ratio remains close to its historical maximum. Continued fiscal consolidation, stronger export performance, or enhanced debt restructuring would be needed to reverse the upward trajectory and bring the ratio down from its current level.
Data & projection
| Year | External Debt to GNI | YoY change | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2027* trend | 40.12% | - | - |
| 2026* trend | 39.73% | - | - |
| 2025* trend | 39.34% | - | - |
| 2025 | 39.34% | +0.73pp | #60 |
| 2024 | 38.61% | −1.09pp | #43 |
| 2023 | 39.70% | +1.07pp | #44 |
| 2022 | 38.63% | +3.75pp | #41 |
| 2021 | 34.88% | −4.20pp | #30 |
| 2020 | 39.07% | +9.15pp | #42 |
| 2019 | 29.92% | +0.90pp | #32 |
| 2018 | 29.02% | −5.17pp | #33 |
| 2017 | 34.19% | +2.78pp | #45 |
| 2016 | 31.41% | −1.46pp | #41 |
| 2015 | 32.87% | +3.74pp | #48 |
| 2014 | 29.12% | −3.08pp | #47 |
| 2013 | 32.20% | +0.66pp | #55 |
| 2012 | 31.54% | +1.60pp | #58 |
| 2011 | 29.94% | −1.37pp | #60 |
Analysis
Kosovo's external debt to gni was 39.34% in 2025, a rise of +0.73pp from 2024. Based on trends, estimated 39.34% by 2025.
Frequently Asked Questions
Kosovo's external debt to gni was 39.34% in 2025. Ranked 60th globally. This represents a 1.9% increase from the previous year.
Kosovo's external debt to gni peaked at 39.70% in 2023.
The lowest external debt to gni in Kosovo was 13.09% in 2008.
Kosovo ranks 60th globally in external debt to gni as of 2025.
The World Bank indicator code is DT.DOD.DECT.GN.ZS. Data sourced from World Bank.
Kosovo's external debt to gni is projected to reach 39.34% by 2025 based on trend extrapolation.
The external debt to gni of Kosovo in 2025 was 39.34%. This ranks 60th in the world.
Cite this page
@misc{historysaid_kosovo_external-debt-to-gni,
title = {Kosovo External Debt to GNI},
url = {https://historysaid.com/kosovo/external-debt-to-gni/},
publisher = {HistorySaid},
year = {2026}
}