Mali External Debt to GNI
External debt stocks as % of GNI DT.DOD.DECT.GN.ZS
Mali's external debt to gni was 24.86% in 2025, ranked 95th globally. This represents a 0.4% decrease from 2024. Data from World Bank, covering 1970–2025.
Overview
Mali's external debt to gni stood at 24.86% in 2025, a decline of +0.09pp from 2024. Based on recent trends, this figure is projected to reach 24.86% by 2025. Mali ranked 95th globally.
Mali’s external debt-to‑GNI ratio fell dramatically from its 1970 level of 69.84% to a historic low of 17.07% in 2008, before spiking to an all‑time peak of 130.89% in 1994, reflecting the debt crises of the early 1990s and subsequent restructuring efforts. By 2025 the ratio had risen again to 24.86%, placing Mali 95th in the World Bank ranking and positioning it just above Brazil’s 24.62% and slightly below Tajikistan’s 25.75% among peers with similar debt burdens. The long‑term downward trend since the 1994 peak suggests that Mali has managed to contain external borrowing relative to its income, yet the recent uptick signals renewed fiscal pressures, possibly linked to higher commodity imports and limited fiscal space. Continued improvement will depend on sustained debt‑service capacity, diversification of revenue sources and the ability to attract concessional financing, which could keep the ratio on a declining trajectory.
Data & projection
| Year | External Debt to GNI | YoY change | Rank |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2027* trend | 22.89% | - | - |
| 2026* trend | 23.87% | - | - |
| 2025* trend | 24.86% | - | - |
| 2025 | 24.86% | −0.09pp | #95 |
| 2024 | 24.94% | −2.36pp | #21 |
| 2023 | 27.31% | −1.56pp | #23 |
| 2022 | 28.87% | +0.10pp | #28 |
| 2021 | 28.77% | −0.36pp | #23 |
| 2020 | 29.13% | +3.86pp | #24 |
| 2019 | 25.26% | +2.12pp | #24 |
| 2018 | 23.14% | −1.12pp | #24 |
| 2017 | 24.26% | +0.75pp | #24 |
| 2016 | 23.51% | −1.00pp | #28 |
| 2015 | 24.51% | +3.24pp | #32 |
| 2014 | 21.27% | −1.45pp | #28 |
| 2013 | 22.72% | +1.44pp | #31 |
| 2012 | 21.27% | +1.95pp | #31 |
| 2011 | 19.33% | +0.24pp | #22 |
Analysis
Mali's external debt to gni was 24.86% in 2025, a decline of −0.09pp from 2024. Based on trends, estimated 24.86% by 2025.
Frequently Asked Questions
Mali's external debt to gni was 24.86% in 2025. Ranked 95th globally. This represents a 0.4% decrease from the previous year.
Mali's external debt to gni peaked at 130.89% in 1994.
The lowest external debt to gni in Mali was 17.07% in 2008.
Mali ranks 95th globally in external debt to gni as of 2025.
The World Bank indicator code is DT.DOD.DECT.GN.ZS. Data sourced from World Bank.
Mali's external debt to gni is projected to reach 24.86% by 2025 based on trend extrapolation.
The external debt to gni of Mali in 2025 was 24.86%. This ranks 95th in the world.
Cite this page
@misc{historysaid_mali_external-debt-to-gni,
title = {Mali External Debt to GNI},
url = {https://historysaid.com/mali/external-debt-to-gni/},
publisher = {HistorySaid},
year = {2026}
}