Togo External Debt to GNI

Togo’s external debt to gross national income has risen sharply since the early 1970s, climbing from a trough of 10.09 % in 1972 to an all‑time peak of 108.31 % in 1994, before receding to 43.22 % in 2025, placing the country 54th globally. Over the 56‑year span, the indicator more than quadrupled, reflecting periods of fiscal stress, debt restructuring and limited export diversification. The 2025 ratio is closely aligned with peers such as Angola (43.40 %) and Morocco (43.65 %), suggesting that Togo now shares a similar debt burden profile with other emerging economies that have pursued extensive infrastructure financing and commodity‑linked borrowing. While the post‑1994 decline indicates improved debt management, the current level remains high enough to constrain fiscal space and amplify vulnerability to external shocks. Continued reforms in public finance, coupled with stronger export growth, would be required to push the debt‑to‑GNI ratio lower and alter the upward trajectory observed in recent decades.