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Hong Kong SAR, China
Hong Kong SAR, China
HistorySaid - pattern
Hong Kong SAR, China matched the Export Boom Cycle pattern in 2017. 8 pattern matches detected historically. View →
Economy & Growth
GDP $428.2B
GDP per Capita $56,844
GDP Growth 2.44%
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture Value Added | 0.04% | 0.04% | 0.01% | 0.01% Trend | 0.00% Trend | -0.02% Trend | - | - | - |
| GDP | $381.0B | $406.9B | $428.2B | $428.2B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $446.6B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $466.3B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $487.7B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $511.8B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $537.0B IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP Deflator | 2.89% | 3.82% | 4.52% | 4.52% Trend | 5.38% Trend | 6.24% Trend | - | - | - |
| GDP Growth | 3.22% | 2.50% | 2.44% | 2.44% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.12% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.03% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.16% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.35% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.31% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP PPP | $538.9B | $565.8B | $594.5B | $594.5B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $618.1B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $641.2B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $665.7B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $693.2B IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $722.5B IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP per Capita | $50,562 | $54,075 | $56,844 | $56,844 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $58,999 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $61,261 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $63,683 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $66,435 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $69,284 IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GDP per Capita PPP | $71,512 | $75,196 | $78,919 | $78,919 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $81,643 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $84,232 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $86,927 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $89,980 IMF WEO Oct 2025 | $93,232 IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| GNI | $413.3B | $445.4B | $454.0B | $454.0B Trend | $471.9B Trend | $489.9B Trend | - | - | - |
| GNI per Capita | $54,910 | $57,070 | $59,053 | $59,053 Trend | $60,810 Trend | $62,567 Trend | - | - | - |
| Gross Savings | 24.62% | 28.71% | 28.02% | 28.02% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 28.50% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 28.54% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 28.46% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 28.34% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 28.53% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Industry Value Added | 6.28% | 6.20% | 6.28% | 6.28% Trend | 6.31% Trend | 6.35% Trend | - | - | - |
| Services Value Added | 91.37% | 91.75% | 92.56% | 92.56% Trend | 93.20% Trend | 93.83% Trend | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Prices & Inflation
Inflation Rate 1.75%
Consumer Price Index 147.60
PPP Conversion Factor 5.33
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| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Consumer Price Index | 142.61 | 145.08 | 147.60 | 147.60 Trend | 150.17 Trend | 152.74 Trend | - | - | - |
| Inflation Rate | 2.10% | 1.73% | 1.75% | 1.75% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.10% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.25% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.44% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.50% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.48% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| PPP Conversion Factor | 5.54 | 5.61 | 5.33 | 5.33 Trend | 5.19 Trend | 5.04 Trend | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Population
Population 7.5M
Population Growth 1.20%
Population Density 7,071.8
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Birth Rate | 4.4 | - | 2.7 | 2.7 Trend | 2.0 Trend | - | - |
| Death Rate | 7.3 | - | 8.6 | 8.6 Trend | 9.0 Trend | - | - |
| Dependency Ratio | 47.81 | 49.64 | 51.17 | 51.17 Trend | 52.81 Trend | 54.45 Trend | - |
| Fertility Rate | 0.75 | - | 0.51 | 0.51 Trend | 0.43 Trend | - | - |
| Life Expectancy | 85.2 | - | 84.4 | 84.4 Trend | 84.2 Trend | - | - |
| Net Migration | -3,427 | -19,272 | 17,863 | - | 5,683 Trend | 8,356 Trend | 11,030 Trend |
| Population | 7.5M | 7.5M | 7.5M | 7.5M Trend | 7.5M Trend | 7.6M Trend | - |
| Population Density | 7,177.2 | - | 7,071.8 | 7,071.8 Trend | 7,064.4 Trend | - | - |
| Population Growth | 2.55% | -0.16% | 1.20% | 1.20% Trend | 1.59% Trend | 1.98% Trend | - |
| Refugee Population | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Urban Population | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% Trend | 100.00% Trend | 100.00% Trend | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Employment
Unemployment Rate 2.80%
Youth Unemployment 8.96%
Labor Force Participation 56.36%
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agriculture Employment | 0.19% | 0.19% | 0.18% | - | 0.18% Trend | 0.17% Trend | 0.17% Trend | - | - |
| Female Labor Participation | 52.27% | 52.26% | 51.81% | - | 51.26% Trend | 50.82% Trend | 50.39% Trend | - | - |
| Industry Employment | 14.03% | 14.12% | 14.01% | - | 14.22% Trend | 14.30% Trend | 14.39% Trend | - | - |
| Labor Force Participation | 57.22% | 56.84% | 56.36% | - | 55.66% Trend | 55.09% Trend | 54.51% Trend | - | - |
| Services Employment | 85.78% | 85.70% | 85.80% | - | 85.61% Trend | 85.53% Trend | 85.44% Trend | - | - |
| Unemployment Rate | 2.95% | 2.99% | 2.80% | 3.37% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 3.28% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 3.18% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 3.03% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.89% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 2.75% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Youth Unemployment | 8.97% | 9.51% | 8.96% | - | 7.50% Trend | 6.58% Trend | 5.66% Trend | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Government
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Budget Deficit | -5.65% | -5.82% | -4.82% | -4.82% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -3.23% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -1.54% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | -0.50% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 0.54% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 0.54% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Government Debt to GDP | 6.33% | 9.25% | 11.66% | 11.66% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 14.02% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 14.12% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 14.55% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 14.53% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 14.48% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Government Revenue | 18.06% | 17.45% | 18.47% | 18.47% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 19.37% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 20.15% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 20.66% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 21.38% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 21.38% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Government Spending | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Health Spending | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Military Spending | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Tax Revenue | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Debt
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Money
Lending Rate 6.00%
Deposit Rate 0.66%
Real Interest Rate 1.38%
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Credit to GDP | 248.61% | 231.04% | 232.54% | 232.54% Trend | 225.91% Trend | 219.28% Trend |
| Deposit Rate | 0.49% | 0.53% | 0.66% | 0.66% Trend | 0.80% Trend | 0.94% Trend |
| Lending Rate | 5.77% | 5.74% | 6.00% | 6.00% Trend | 6.22% Trend | 6.45% Trend |
| M2 Money Supply Growth | 3.87% | 7.00% | 5.45% | 5.45% Trend | 5.71% Trend | 5.97% Trend |
| Non-Performing Loans | 1.20% | - | 1.47% | 1.47% Trend | 1.61% Trend | - |
| Real Interest Rate | 2.80% | 1.84% | 1.38% | 1.38% Trend | 0.74% Trend | 0.09% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Currency
Exchange Rate 7.84
Real Effective Exchange Rate 92.62
Foreign Reserves $416.2B
▾
| Indicator | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exchange Rate | 7.80 | 7.84 | - | 7.84 Trend | 7.86 Trend | 7.87 Trend | - | - |
| Foreign Reserves | - | $416.2B | - | $416.2B Trend | $406.2B Trend | - | - | - |
| Real Effective Exchange Rate | 95.66 | 93.33 | 92.62 | - | - | 90.84 Trend | 89.41 Trend | 87.97 Trend |
| Reserves in Months of Imports | - | 5.1 | - | 5.1 Trend | 4.8 Trend | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Trade
Exports $749.6B
Imports $737.0B
Trade Balance $12.6B
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| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 | 2028 | 2029 | 2030 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Current Account Balance | 8.49% | 12.92% | 12.54% | 12.54% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 12.19% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 11.85% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 11.65% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 11.55% IMF WEO Oct 2025 | 11.53% IMF WEO Oct 2025 |
| Exports | $673.7B | $739.7B | $749.6B | $749.6B Trend | $768.0B Trend | $786.5B Trend | - | - | - |
| FDI Inflows | 32.01% | 30.92% | 30.23% | 30.23% Trend | 29.09% Trend | 27.95% Trend | - | - | - |
| FDI Outflows | 25.24% | 19.79% | 22.89% | 22.89% Trend | 22.00% Trend | 21.11% Trend | - | - | - |
| Imports | $671.5B | $723.1B | $737.0B | $737.0B Trend | $755.3B Trend | $773.5B Trend | - | - | - |
| Remittances Received | $453.8M | $457.6M | $460.7M | $460.7M Trend | $467.0M Trend | $473.2M Trend | - | - | - |
| Tourism Receipts | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Trade Balance | $2.2B | $16.6B | $12.6B | $12.6B Trend | $12.8B Trend | $12.9B Trend | - | - | - |
| Trade Openness | 353.01% | 359.51% | 360.57% | 360.57% Trend | 357.39% Trend | 354.21% Trend | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Financial Markets
Market Capitalization 812.63%
Stock Turnover Ratio 66.33%
Listed Companies 2,476
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Interest Rate Spread | 5.28% | 5.21% | 5.34% | 5.34% Trend | 5.42% Trend | 5.51% Trend |
| Listed Companies | 2,428 | 2,449 | 2,476 | 2,476 Trend | 2,499 Trend | 2,522 Trend |
| Market Capitalization | 1,043.13% | 1,118.24% | 812.63% | 812.63% Trend | 637.86% Trend | 463.09% Trend |
| Stock Turnover Ratio | 57.35% | 65.86% | 66.33% | 66.33% Trend | 67.73% Trend | 69.14% Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Political Stability
Political Stability 1.20
Government Effectiveness 1.46
Regulatory Quality 1.33
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control of Corruption | 1.61 | 1.63 | 1.61 | 1.61 Trend | 1.61 Trend |
| Government Effectiveness | 1.59 | 1.55 | 1.46 | 1.46 Trend | 1.43 Trend |
| Political Stability | 0.57 | 0.67 | 1.20 | 1.20 Trend | 1.43 Trend |
| Regulatory Quality | 1.59 | 1.60 | 1.33 | 1.33 Trend | 1.24 Trend |
| Rule of Law | 1.28 | 1.29 | 1.09 | 1.09 Trend | 1.01 Trend |
| Voice and Accountability | -0.40 | -0.32 | -0.69 | -0.69 Trend | -0.83 Trend |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Health
▾
| Indicator | 1993 | 1994 | 1995 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Health Expenditure per Capita | - | - | - |
| Hospital Beds | - | - | - |
| Infant Mortality Rate | - | - | - |
| Maternal Mortality Ratio | - | - | - |
| Physicians | 1.20 | 1.27 | 1.32 |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Education
Tertiary Enrollment 123.24%
Education Spending 3.53%
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Education Spending | 3.80% | 3.81% | 3.53% | 3.53% Trend | 3.39% Trend | 3.25% Trend |
| Literacy Rate | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| Primary Completion Rate | - | 91.68% | 98.15% | 98.15% Trend | 96.71% Trend | 95.27% Trend |
| Primary Enrollment | - | 103.15% | 103.66% | 103.66% Trend | 103.60% Trend | 103.53% Trend |
| Secondary Enrollment | - | 107.16% | 107.21% | 107.21% Trend | 108.11% Trend | 109.01% Trend |
| Tertiary Enrollment | 105.46% | 120.09% | 123.24% | 123.24% Trend | 130.08% Trend | 136.91% Trend |
| Youth Literacy Rate | - | - | - | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Energy
Renewable Energy 0.40%
▾
| Indicator | 2022 | 2023 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO2 Emissions | - | - | - | - | - |
| CO2 per Capita | - | - | - | - | - |
| Electricity Access | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% | 100.00% Trend | 100.00% Trend |
| Energy Use per Capita | 1,566 | - | 1,285 | 1,285 Trend | - |
| Forest Area | - | - | - | - | - |
| Renewable Energy | - | - | - | - | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Technology
Internet Users 98.43%
Mobile Subscriptions 328.79
R&D Spending 1.19%
▾
| Indicator | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2025 | 2026 | 2027 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High-tech Exports | 72.32% | 75.57% | 76.23% | 76.23% Trend | 77.59% Trend | 78.95% Trend |
| Internet Users | 95.98% | - | 98.43% | 98.43% Trend | 99.60% Trend | - |
| Mobile Subscriptions | 319.49 | - | 328.79 | 328.79 Trend | 335.46 Trend | - |
| Patent Applications | - | - | - | - | - | - |
| R&D Spending | 1.10% | - | 1.19% | 1.19% Trend | 1.23% Trend | - |
Italic values are IMF World Economic Outlook projections.
Inequality
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Data & analysis
Real GDP growth (%)
| 2023 | 3.21 |
| 2024 | 2.54 |
| 2025 | 1.52 |
| 2026 | 1.86 |
| 2027 | 2.81 |
| 2028 | 2.49 |
| 2029 | 2.37 |
| 2030 | 2.31 |
CPI inflation (%)
| 2023 | 2.10 |
| 2024 | 1.73 |
| 2025 | 1.90 |
| 2026 | 2.20 |
| 2027 | 2.25 |
| 2028 | 2.40 |
| 2029 | 2.50 |
| 2030 | 2.50 |
Unemployment rate (%)
| 2023 | 2.98 |
| 2024 | 3.00 |
| 2025 | 3.54 |
| 2026 | 3.44 |
| 2027 | 3.35 |
| 2028 | 3.20 |
| 2029 | 3.06 |
| 2030 | 2.91 |
Source: IMF World Economic Outlook via DBnomics
Hong Kong SAR, China, a high-income economy in East Asia, presents a trajectory of decelerating growth interspersed with mild stabilization. Real GDP growth slowed from 3.21 percent in 2023 to a projected 1.52 percent in 2025, before a modest recovery to 2.81 percent by 2027. This pattern suggests a post-pandemic normalization phase, where earlier momentum gives way to structural headwinds. Inflation remains subdued, rising gradually from 1.73 percent in 2024 to 2.50 percent by 2030, indicating no immediate overheating pressure. The unemployment rate, after hovering near 3.00 percent in 2023 and 2024, is forecast to peak at 3.54 percent in 2025 before declining to 2.91 percent by 2030, reflecting a resilient labor market. Hong Kong’s historical distinction of ranking #1 in Life Expectancy in 2021 underscores its advanced social infrastructure, yet the growth deceleration points to challenges in sustaining dynamism. A forward-looking shift would require a sustained uptick in investment or external demand to raise the post-2027 growth trajectory above 2.5 percent.